FAOSTAT

Group Name	Item FAO Code	Item HS+ Code	Item Name	Definition
Crops Primary	800	5304_c	Agave Fibres Nes	Including inter alia: Haiti hemp (Agave foetida); henequen (A. fourcroydes); ixtle, tampico (A. lecheguilla); maguey (A. cantala); pita (A. americana); Salvador hemp (A. letonae). See 789. The leaves of some agave varieties are used for the production of alcoholic beverages, such as aquamiel, mezcal, pulque and tequila.
Crops Primary	221	0802.11_a	Almonds, with shell	Prunus amygdalus; P. communis; Amygdalus communis. Produced mainly in Mediterranean countries, the United States and Asia.
Crops Primary	711	0909	Anise, badian, fennel, corian.	Include: anise (Pimpinella anisum); badian or star anise (Illicium verum); caraway (Carum carvi); coriander (Coriandrum sativum); cumin (Cuminum cyminum); fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); juniper berries (Juniperus communis). Seeds and berries from the various plants listed. They are normally used as spices, but also have industrial (e.g. in distilleries) and medicinal applications.
Crops Primary	515	0808.10_a	Apples	Malus pumila; M. sylvestris; M. communis; Pyrus malus.
Crops Primary	526	0809.10_a	Apricots	Prunus armeniaca.
Crops Primary	226	0802.90ab	Arecanuts	Areca, betel nut (Areca catechu). Produced mainly in the Far East. Areca nuts are used mainly as masticatory. These nuts contain alkaloids (arecoline and arecaidine).
Crops Primary	366	0709.10	Artichokes	Cynara scolymus.
Crops Primary	367	0709.20	Asparagus	Asparagus officinalis.
Crops Primary	572	0804.40	Avocados	Persea americana.
Crops Primary	203	0713.90ad	Bambara beans	Bambara groundnut, earth pea (Voandzeia subterranea). These beand are grown underground in a similar way to groundnuts.
Crops Primary	486	0803.00aa	Bananas	Musa sapientum; M. cavendishii; M. nana. Bananas are normally eaten raw. Trade figures may include dried bananas. Data should be reported excluding the weight of the central stalk.
Crops Primary	44	1003.00_a	Barley	Hordeum spp.: two-row barley (H. disticum) six-row barley (H. hexasticum) four-row barley (H. vulgare). Tolerates poorer soils and lower temperatures better than does wheat. Varieties include with husk and without (naked). Used as a livestock feed, for malt and for preparing foods. The roasted grains are a coffee substitute.
Crops Primary	176	0713.3_a	Beans, dry	Phaseolus spp.: kidney, haricot bean (Ph. vulgaris); lima, butter bean (Ph. lunatus); adzuki bean (Ph. angularis); mungo bean, golden, green gram (Ph. aureus); black gram, urd (Ph. mungo); scarlet runner bean (Ph. coccineus); rice bean (Ph. calcaratus); moth bean (Ph. aconitifolius); tepary bean (Ph. acutifolius). Only species of Phaseolus should be included, though several countries also include certain types of beans. Commonly classified as Vigna (angularis, mungo, radiata, aconitifolia). In the past, these species were also classified as Phaseolus.
Crops Primary	414	0708.20_a	Beans, green	Phaseolus and Vigna spp.. For shelling.
Crops Primary	558	0810.40_b	Berries Nes	Including inter alia: blackberry (Morus nigra); loganberry; white, red mulberry (M. alba; M. rubra); myrtle berry (Myrtus communis) huckleberry, dangleberry (Gaylussacia spp.). Other berries not separately identified. In some countries, some or all of the berries listed previously are reported under this general category.
Crops Primary	552	0810.40_c	Blueberries	European blueberry, wild bilberry, whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus); American blueberry (V. corymbosum). Trade data may include cranberries, myrtle berries and other fruits of the genus Vaccinium.
Crops Primary	216	0801.21	Brazil nuts, with shell	Brazil, Para or cream nut (Bertholletia excelsa).
Crops Primary	181	0713.50	Broad beans, horse beans, dry	Vicia faba: horse-bean (var. equina); broad bean (var. major); field bean (var. minor).
Crops Primary	89	1008.90aa	Buckwheat	Fagopyrum esculentum (Polygonaceae). A minor cereal cultivated primarily in northern regions. Buckwheat is considered a cereal, although it does not belong to the gramineous family.
Crops Primary	358	0704.90_a	Cabbages and other brassicas	Chinese, mustard cabbage, pak-choi (Brassica chinensis); white, red, savoy cabbage, Brussels sprouts, collards, kale and kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea all var. except botrytis).
Crops Primary	101	1008.90ab	Canary seed	Phalaris canariensis. Minor cereal normally used as bird feed.
Crops Primary	461	1212.10	Carobs	Ceratonia siliqua Carob-tree, locust bean. Includes also seeds. Mainly used as an animal feed and for industrial purposes. Rich in pectin.
Crops Primary	426	0706.10	Carrots and turnips	Daucus carota. Trade data may include turnips (Brassica rapa var. rapifera).
Crops Primary	217	0801.31_a	Cashew nuts, with shell	Anacardium occidentale. Produced mainly in East Africa, India and Brazil.
Crops Primary	591	0810.90ad	Cashewapple	Anacardium occidentale. The thickened, fleshy stem below the cashew nut. When soft it is used for jam.
Crops Primary	125	0714.10_a	Cassava	Manioc, mandioca, yuca (Manihot esculenta, syn. M. utilissima); yuca dulce (M. palmata, syn. M. dulcis). A semi-permanent crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Sometimes bitter and sweet cassavas are referred to as separate species, the former being M. esculenta and the latter M. palmata, but this is incorrect since the toxicity varies according to location. Cassava is the staple food in many tropical countries. It is not traded internationally in its fresh state because tubers deteriorate very rapidly.
Crops Primary	265	1207.30_a	Castor oil seed	Ricinus communis. Valued mainly for their oil, which is used in pharmaceutical products. Ground seedcakes are used as fertilizers (castor oil pomace).
Crops Primary	393	0704.10	Cauliflowers and broccoli	Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, subvariety cauliflora and cymosa. Includes headed broccoli.
Crops Primary	108	1008.90_b	Cereals, nes	Including inter alia: canagua or coaihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule); quihuicha or Inca wheat (Amaranthus caudatus); adlay or Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi); wild rice (Zizania aquatica). Other cereal crops that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report cereals under this commodity heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops Primary	531	0809.20_a	Cherries	Mazzard, sweet cherry (Prunus avium; Cerasus avium); hard-fleshed cherry (var. duracina); heart cherry (var. juliana).
Crops Primary	220	0802.40	Chestnuts	Castanea spp.: C. vesca; C. vulgaris; C. sativa. Produced mainly in Europe and Asia.
Crops Primary	191	0713.20	Chick peas	Chickpea, Bengal gram, garbanzos (Cicer arietinum).
Crops Primary	459	0709.90cd	Chicory roots	Horium intybus; C. sativum. Unroasted chicory roots.
Crops Primary	689	0904.20	Chillies and peppers, dry	Red and cayenne pepper, paprika, chillies (Capsicum frutescens; C. annuum); allspice, Jamaica pepper (Pimenta officinalis). Uncrushed or unground fresh pimentos are considered to be vegetables.
Crops Primary	401	0709.60	Chillies and peppers, green	Capsicum annuum; C. fructescens; Pimenta officinalis. Production data exclude crops cultivated explicitly as spices. In contrast, trade data include these crops, provided they are fresh, uncrushed and unground.
Crops Primary	693	0906.10	Cinnamon (canella)	Ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Chinese, common cinnamon, cassia (C. cassia). The inner bark of young branches of certain trees of the Laurus family. Includes cinnamon- tree flowers, cinnamon fruit and cinnamon waste (chips), whether whole, crushed or ground.
Crops Primary	512	0805.90_a	Citrus fruit, nes	Including inter alia: bergamot (Citrus bergamia); citron (C. medica var. cedrata); chinotto (C. myrtifolia); kumquat (Fortunella japonica). Some minor varieties of citrus are used primarily in the preparation of perfumes and soft drinks.
Crops Primary	698	0907.00	Cloves	Eugenia caryophyllata; Caryophyllus aromaticus. The whole fruit of the clove tree, including the flowers picked before maturity and dried in the sun, and the stems of the clove flowers.
Crops Primary	661	1801.00_a	Cocoa beans	Theobroma cacao. The seeds contained in the fruit of the cacao- tree, including whole or broken, raw or roasted.
Crops Primary	249	0801.19_a	Coconuts	Cocos nucifera Husked coconut. In shell, covered by the endocarp, while exocarp (the smooth outer skin) and mesocarp (the fibrous covering) are removed. Immature nuts contain a milky juice that is consumed as a refreshing drink. Mature nuts are consumed as such, or processed for copra or desiccated coconut. The flesh, from which copra/oil is extracted, constitutes 40-70% of the weight of the husked coconut. The oil content is about 36% of the flesh.
Crops Primary	656	0901.1_a	Coffee, green	Coffea spp. (arabica, robusta, liberica). Raw coffee in all forms.
Crops Primary	767	5201.00aa	Cotton lint	Gossypium spp. Fibres from ginning seed cotton that have not been carded or combed. Trade data also include fibres that have been cleaned, bleached, dyed or rendered absorbent.
Crops Primary	329	1207.20aa	Cottonseed	Used for extracting oil.
Crops Primary	195	0713.3_b	Cow peas, dry	Cowpea, blackeye pea/bean (Vigna sinensis; Dolichos sinensis).
Crops Primary	554	0810.40_d	Cranberries	American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon); European cranberry (V. oxycoccus). Trade data may include blueberries, myrtle berries and other fruits of the genus Vaccinium.
Crops Primary	397	0707.00	Cucumbers and gherkins	Cucumis sativus.
Crops Primary	550	0810.30_a	Currants	Black (Ribes nigrum); red and white (R. rubrum). Trade data may sometimes include gooseberries.
Crops Primary	577	0804.10	Dates	Phoenix dactylifera. Includes fresh and dried fruit.
Crops Primary	399	0709.30	Eggplants (aubergines)	Solanum melongena. Also called aubergines.
Crops Primary	821	5305.90_c	Fibre Crops Nes	Including inter alia: alfa, esparto (Lygeum spartum; Stipa tenacissima); bowstring hemp (Sansevieria spp.); caroa (Neoglaziovia variegata); fuque fibre (Furcraea macrophylla); Mauritius hemp (F. gigantea); New Zealand flax (Phormium tenax); palma ixtle (Samuela carnerosana). Other fibres that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report vegetable fibres under this commodity heading that are classified individually by FAO. The fibre is obtained from the leaves, stalks or fruit of the plant. In instances where the fibrous part is normally used for other purposes, data cover only those fibres intended for spinning. For trade coverage see 789.
Crops Primary	569	0804.20_a	Figs	Ficus carica.
Crops Primary	773	5301.2	Flax fibre and tow	Broken, scutched, hackled etc. but not spun. Traditionally, FAO has used this commodity to identify production in its raw state; in reality, the primary agricultural product is the commodity 771, which can either be used for the production of fibre or for other purposes.
Crops Primary	94	1008.90ad	Fonio	Digitaria spp.: fonio or findi (D. exilis); black fonio or hungry rice (D. iburua). A minor cereal of importance only in West Africa where it is eaten in place of rice during famines. The seeds are cooked by steaming the whole grain.
Crops Primary	619	0810.90_d	Fruit Fresh Nes	Including inter alia: azarole (Crataegus azarolus); babaco (Carica pentagona); elderberry (Sambucus nigra); jujube (Zizyphus jujuba); litchi (nephelium litchi); loquat (Eriobotrya japonica); medlar (Mespilus germanica); pawpaw (Asimina triloba); pomegranate (Punica granatum); prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica); rose hips (Rosa spp.); rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia); service-apple (Sorbus domestica); tamarind (Tamarindus indica); tree-strawberry (Arbutus unedo). Other fresh fruit that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report fresh fruit under this heading that are classified separately by FAO.
Crops Primary	603	0804.50_b	Fruit, tropical fresh nes	Including inter alia: breadfruit (Artocarpus incisa); carambola (Averrhoa carambola); cherimoya, custard apple (Annona spp.); durian (Durio zibethinus); feijoa (Feijoa sellowiana); guava (Psidium guajava); hog plum, mombin (Spondias spp.); jackfruit (Artocarpus integrifolia); longan (nephelium longan); mammee (Mammea americana); mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana); naranjillo (Solanum quitoense); passion fruit (Passiflora edulis); rambutan (nephelium lappaceum); sapote, mamey colorado (Calocarpum mammosum); sapodilla (Achras sapota); star apple, cainito (Chrysophyllum spp.). Other tropical fresh fruit that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. In some countries mangoes, avocados, pineapples, dates and papayas are reported under this general category.
Crops Primary	406	0703.20	Garlic	Allium sativum.
Crops Primary	720	0910.10	Ginger	Zingiber officinale. Rhizome of a perennial herb. It also is used for making beverages. Includes fresh, provisionally preserved or dried, whereas ginger preserved in sugar or syrup is excluded.
Crops Primary	549	0810.30_b	Gooseberries	Ribes grossularia. Trade data may sometimes include black, white or red currants.
Crops Primary	507	0805.40_a	Grapefruit (inc. pomelos)	Citrus maxima; C. grandis; C. paradisi.
Crops Primary	560	0806.10_a	Grapes	Vitis vinifera. Includes both table and wine grapes.
Crops Primary	242	1202.10_a	Groundnuts, with shell	Arachis hypogaea. For trade data, groundnuts in shell are converted at 70% and reported on a shelled basis.
Crops Primary	839	4001.30	Gums Natural	Including inter alia: balata (Manilkara bidentata); ceara (Manihot glaziovii); chicle gum (Achras zapota); guayule (Parthenium argentatum); gutta-percha (Palachium gutta); jelutong (Dieva costulana). Extracted from the latex of trees of various species. Although similar to rubber in many ways, natural gums are usually less elastic.
Crops Primary	225	0802.21_a	Hazelnuts, with shell	Corylus avellana. Produced mainly in Mediterranean countries and the United States.
Crops Primary	777	5302	Hemp Tow Waste	Cannabis sativa. This plant is cultivated for seed as well as for fibre. The fibre is obtained from the stem of the plant. Trade data include raw, retted, scutched, combed fibre, tow and waste.
Crops Primary	336	1207.9ag	Hempseed	Cannabis sativa. An annual herbaceous that is cultivated for its fibre as well as its oil. In major producing countries oil is extracted from the seeds.
Crops Primary	677	1210.10	Hops	Humulus lupulus. Hop cones, fresh or dried, whether or not ground, powdered or in the form of pellets. Includes lupuline, a yellow resinous powder that covers the hop cones. Mainly used in the brewing industry to give flavour to beer.
Crops Primary	277	1207.9aj	Jojoba Seeds	Simmondsia californica (syn. S. chinensis). From the shrub or small tree of the Buxaceae family.
Crops Primary	780	5303aa	Jute	White jute (Corchorus capsularis); red jute, tossa (C. olitorius). Trade data cover raw or processed jute (but not spun), tow and waste, yarn waste and garnetted stock and may include jute-like fibres.
Crops Primary	310	1402_a	Kapok Fruit	Ceiba pentandra, Bombacaceae. The fruit of kapok contains fibre and seeds, which FAO treats as primary crops.
Crops Primary	263	1207.9ah	Karite Nuts (Sheanuts)	Butyrospermum parkii. Production data refer only to the nut contained in the fruit although the pulp around the nut is also edible.
Crops Primary	592	0810.50	Kiwi fruit	Actinidia chinensis.
Crops Primary	224	0802.90aa	Kolanuts	Kola, cola, Sudan cola nut (Cola nitida; C. vera; C. acuminata). Produced mainly in Africa. Kola nuts, containing 2.4 to 2.6% caffeine, are commonly chewed by the local population. Much used in Europe and America in the production of beverages.
Crops Primary	407	0703.90	Leeks, other alliaceous veg	Leeks (Allium porrum); chives (A. schoenoprasum); other alliac. (Allium varieties except those of 402, 403 and 406).
Crops Primary	420	0708.90_a	Leguminous vegetables, nes	Vicia faba. For shelling.
Crops Primary	497	0805.50_a	Lemons and limes	Lemon (Citrus limon); sour lime (C. aurantifolia); sweet lime (C. limetta).
Crops Primary	201	0713.40	Lentils	Lens esculenta; Ervum lens.
Crops Primary	372	0705	Lettuce and chicory	Lactuca sativa; witloof chicory (Cichorium intybus var. foliosum); endive (C. endivia var. crispa); escarole chicory (C. endivia var. latifolia).
Crops Primary	333	1204.00_a	Linseed	Linum usitatissimum Flaxseed. An annual herbaceous that is cultivated for its fibre as well as its oil.
Crops Primary	210	0713.90ab	Lupins	Lupinus spp.. Used primarily for feed, though in some parts of Africa and in Latin America some varieties are cultivated for human food.
Crops Primary	56	1005_a	Maize	Zea mays Corn, Indian corn, mealies. A grain with a high germ content. At the national level, hybrid and ordinary maize should be reported separately owing to widely different yields and uses. Used largely for animal feed and commercial starch production.
Crops Primary	446	0709.90ca	Maize, green	Zea mays, particularly var. saccharata. Maize harvested green for food. Saccharata variety is commonly known as sweet corn.
Crops Primary	571	0804.50_a	Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas	Mangifera indica. Trade figures may include dried mangoes, guavas and mangosteens, including both fresh and dried.
Crops Primary	809	5305.2_a	Manila Fibre (Abaca)	Musa textilis. The fibre is obtained from stalks of certain banana trees. For trade coverage see 789.
Crops Primary	671	0903.00	Maté	Ilex paraguayensis. The dried leaves of certain shrubs of the holly family which grow in South America. Prepared in a way similar to tea.
Crops Primary	299	1207.9ab	Melonseed	Cucumis melo. Includes seeds of other Cucurbitaceae.
Crops Primary	79	1008.20_a	Millet	Including inter alia: barnyard or Japanese millet (Echinocloa frumentacea); ragi, finger or African millet (Eleusine coracana); teff (Eragrostis abyssinica); common, golden or proso millet (Panicum miliaceum); koda or ditch millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum); pearl or cattail millet (Pennisetum glaucum); foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Small-grained cereals that include a large number of different botanical species. Originated by the domestication of wild African grasses in the Nile valley and the Sahel zone, millets were subsequently taken to China and India. These cereals tolerate arid conditions and possess a small, highly nutritious grain that stores well. Used locally, both as a food and as a livestock feed. In all areas where they are cultivated, millets are used in traditional beer brewing. Also used as a feed for birds.
Crops Primary	103	1008.90af	Mixed grain	A mixture of cereal species that are sown and harvested together. The mixture wheat/rye is known as meslin, but in trade is usually classified with wheat.
Crops Primary	449	0709.5_a	Mushrooms and truffles	Including inter alia: Boletus edulis; Agaricus campestris; Morchella spp. and Tuber magnatum. Cultivated or spontaneous. Includes truffles.
Crops Primary	292	1207.50	Mustard seed	White mustard (Brassica alba; B. hirta; Sinapis alba); black mustard (Brassica nigra; Sinapis nigra). In addition to the oil extracted from them, white mustard seeds, may be processed into flour for food use. Black mustard seeds also yield oil and are processed into flour that is used mainly in pharmaceutical products.
Crops Primary	836	4001.10_a	Natural rubber	Hevea brasiliensis Latex. The liquid secreted by the rubber tree. Includes stabilized or concentrated latex and prevulcanized rubber latex. In trade figures, liquid weight is converted to dry weight at 60%.
Crops Primary	702	0908	Nutmeg, mace and cardamoms	Nutmeg, mace (Myristica fragrans); cluster cardamon (Elettaria cardamomum); other cardamons (Aframomum angustifolium; A. hambury; Amomun aromaticum; A. cardamomum); Malaguetta pepper, grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta). Nutmeg is the inner brown kernel of the fruit of the nutmeg tree. Mace is the net-like membrane between the outer shell and the kernel. Cardamon seeds are enclosed in the capsule produced by perennial herbs of the Zingiberaceae family.
Crops Primary	234	0802.90ac	Nuts, nes	Including inter alia: pecan nut (Carya illinoensis); butter or swarri nut (Caryocar nuciferum); pili nut, Java almond, Chinese olives (Canarium spp.); paradise or sapucaia nut (Lecythis zabucajo); Queensland, macadamia nut (Macadamia ternifolia); pignolia nut (Pinus pinea). Other nuts that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report nuts under this heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops Primary	75	1004.00a	Oats	Avena spp., mainly Avena sativa. A plant with open, spreading panicle-bearing large spikelets. Used primarily in breakfast foods. Makes excellent fodder for horses.
Crops Primary	254	1207.10ab	Oil palm fruit	Elaeis guineensis. The oil palm produces bunches containing a large number of fruits with the fleshy mesocarp enclosing a kernel that is covered by a very hard shell. FAO considers palm oil (coming from the pulp) and palm kernels to be primary products. The oil extraction rate from a bunch varies from 17 to 27% for palm oil, and from 4 to 10% for palm kernels.
Crops Primary	339	1207.9ak	Oilseeds, Nes	Includes inter alia: beech nut (Fagus sylvatica);(Aleurites moluccana);(Carapa guineensis);(Croton tiglium);(Bassia latifolia);(Guizotia abyssinica);(Licania rigida);(Perilla frutescens);(Jatropha curcas);(Shorea robusta);(Pongamia glabra);(Astrocaryum spp.). Other oilseeds, oleaginous fruits and nuts that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report commodities under this heading that are classified individually by FAO. Also included under this code are tea seeds, grape pips and tomato seeds from which oil is extracted.
Crops Primary	430	0709.90cb	Okra	Abelmoschus esculentus; Hibiscus esculentus. Also called gombo.
Crops Primary	260	0709.90aa	Olives	Olea europaea. Includes table olives and olives for oil.
Crops Primary	402	0703.10_a	Onions (inc. shallots), green	Shallots (Allium ascalonicum); onions (A. cepa); welsh onions (A. fistulosum). Young onions pulled before the bulb has enlarged; used especially in salads. Includes onion sets.
Crops Primary	403	0703.10_b	Onions, dry	Allium cepa. Includes onions at a mature stage, but not dehydrated onions.
Crops Primary	490	0805.10_a	Oranges	Common, sweet orange (Citrus sinensis); bitter orange (C. aurantium). Bitter oranges are used primarily in the preparation of marmalade.
Crops Primary	782	5303ab	Other Bastfibres	Including inter alia: China jute (Abutilon avicennae); Congo jute, malva, paka (Urena lobata; U. sinuata); Indian flax (Abroma augusta); kenaf, meshta (Hibiscus cannabinus); rosella hemp (H. sabdariffa); sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea). This definition covers all textile fibres extracted from the stems of dicotyledonous plants, o/t flax, ramie, true hemp and true jute. For trade coverage see 780.
Crops Primary	568	0807.19	Other melons (inc.cantaloupes)	Cucumis melo;.
Crops Primary	256	1207.10aa	Palm kernels	Seeds of the oil palm. Babassu kernels (Orbignya speciosa) are often reported as palm kernels.
Crops Primary	257	1511_a	Palm oil	Obtained from the mesocarp of the fruit of the oil palm by pressure, and also by solvent from the residues of the pressure extraction.
Crops Primary	600	0807.20	Papayas	Carica papaya.
Crops Primary	534	0809.30	Peaches and nectarines	Prunus persica; Amygdalus persica; Persica laevis.
Crops Primary	521	0808.20_a	Pears	Pyrus communis.
Crops Primary	187	0713.10	Peas, dry	Garden pea (Pisum sativum); field pea (P. arvense).
Crops Primary	417	0708.10	Peas, green	Pisum sativum. Mostly for shelling, but including edible- podded peas or sugar peas.
Crops Primary	687	0904.11	Pepper (Piper spp.)	Black, white pepper (Piper nigrum); long pepper (P. longum). Perennial climbing vines. Includes whole, crushed or ground berries. Black pepper is produced from partially ripe berries, while white pepper is from fully ripe berries which have had the outer hull removed.
Crops Primary	748	0709.90_d	Peppermint	Mentha spp.: M. piperita. Leaves and flowers are used in the perfumery, food and other industries.
Crops Primary	587	0810.90aa	Persimmons	Diospyros kaki: D. virginiana.
Crops Primary	197	0713.90aa	Pigeon peas	Pigeon pea, cajan pea, Congo bean (Cajanus cajan).
Crops Primary	574	0804.30_a	Pineapples	Ananas comosus; A. sativ. Trade figures may include dried pineapples.
Crops Primary	223	0802.50_a	Pistachios	Pistacia vera. Produced mainly in the Near East and the United States.
Crops Primary	489	0803.00_b	Plantains	Musa paradisiaca. Generally known as a cooking banana. Data should be reported excluding the weight of the central stalk
Crops Primary	536	0809.40_a	Plums and sloes	Greengage, mirabelle, damson (Prunus domestica); sloe (P. spinosa).
Crops Primary	542	0810.90ab	Pome fruit, nes	Other pome fruit not separately identified. In some countries apples, pears and quinces are reported under this general category.
Crops Primary	68	1904_c	Popcorn	Zea mays var. everta. A variety of maize that is eaten after the kernels have been heated and have "popped".
Crops Primary	296	1207.9aa	Poppy seed	Papaver somniferum. The source of opium, poppy seeds are also used in baking and confectionery.
Crops Primary	116	0701_a	Potatoes	Solanum tuberosum Irish potato. A seasonal crop grown in temperate zones all over the world, but primarily in the northern hemisphere.
Crops Primary	211	0713.90ae	Pulses, nes	Including inter alia: lablab or hyacinth bean (Dolichos spp.); jack or sword bean (Canavalia spp.); winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus); guar bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba); velvet bean (Stizolobium spp.); yam bean (Pachyrrhizus erosus);. Vigna spp. other than those included in 176 and 195 Other pulses that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report pulses under this heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops Primary	394	0709.90_b	Pumpkins, squash and gourds	Cucurbita spp. Includes marrows.
Crops Primary	754	1211.90	Pyrethrum,Dried	Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium. Includes leaves, stems and flowers. For insecticides, fungicides and similar products.
Crops Primary	523	0808.20_b	Quinces	Cydonia oblonga; C. vulgaris; C. japonica.
Crops Primary	92	1008.90ac	Quinoa	Chenopodium quinoa (Chenopodiaceae). A minor cereal, which tolerates high altitudes, quinoa is cultivated primarily in andean countries. Used for food and to make chicha, a fermented beverage.
Crops Primary	788	5305.90_b	Ramie	China grass, white ramie (Boehmeria nivea); rhea, green ramie (B. tenacissima). Ramie fibre is obtained from the bast of the plant. For trade coverage see 780
Crops Primary	270	1205	Rapeseed	Brassica napus var. oleifera. Valued mainly for its oil. Older varieties are rich in Erucic acid, which is considered unhealthy.
Crops Primary	547	0810.20_a	Raspberries	Ubus idaeus. Trade data may include blackberries, mulberries and loganberries (a cross between the raspberry and blackberry).
Crops Primary	27	1006.10_a	Rice, paddy	Oryza spp., mainly oryza sativa. Rice grain after threshing and winnowing. Also known as rice in the husk and rough rice. Used mainly for human food.
Crops Primary	149	0714.90_bc	Roots and Tubers, nes	Including inter alia: arracacha (Arracacoa xanthorrhiza); arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea); chufa (Cyperus esculentus); sago palm (Metroxylon spp.); oca and ullucu (Oxalis tuberosa and Ullucus tuberosus); yam bean, jicama (Pachyrxhizus erosus, P. angulatus); mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum); Jerusalem artichoke, topinambur (Helianthus tuberosus). Other tubers, roots or rhizomes, fresh, that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report roots and tubers under this commodity heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops Primary	71	1002.00_a	Rye	Secale cereale. A grain that is tolerant of poor soils, high latitudes and altitudes. Mainly used in making bread, whisky and beer. When fed to livestock, it is generally mixed with other grains.
Crops Primary	280	1207.60	Safflower seed	Carthamus tinctorius. Valued mainly for its oil. Minor uses include as a human food and as poultry feed.
Crops Primary	328	1207.20_b	Seed cotton	Gossypium spp.: Unginned cotton. Grown for both seed and for fibre. FAO considers cottonseed, cotton lint and linters to be primary products. Lint content ranges from 30 to 40%, seed 55 to 65%, and linters 2 to 5% though they are not always separated.
Crops Primary	289	1207.40_a	Sesame seed	Sesamum indicum. Valued for its oil, but also as a food, either raw or roasted, as well as in bakery products and other food preparations.
Crops Primary	789	5304_b	Sisal	Agave sisalana. Sisal fibre is obtained from the leaves of the plant. It also is used as an ornamental plant. Trade data cover fibres that are raw, prepared for spinning, and tow and waste, including yarn waste and garnetted stock.
Crops Primary	83	1007.00_a	Sorghum	Sorghum spp.: guinea corn (S. guineense); common, milo, feterita, kaffir corn (S. vulgare); durra, jowar, kaoliang (S. dura). A cereal that has both food and feed uses. Sorghum is a major food grain in most of Africa, where it is also used in traditional beer brewing. It is desirable to report hybrid and other varieties separately.
Crops Primary	530	0809.20_b	Sour cherries	Prunus cerasus; Cerasus acida.
Crops Primary	236	1201.00_a	Soybeans	Glycine soja. The most important oil crop. Also widely consumed as a bean and in the form of various derived products because of its high protein content, e.g. soya milk, meat, etc.
Crops Primary	723	0910.9aa	Spices, nes	Including inter alia: bay leaves (Laurus nobilis); dill seed (Anethum graveolens); fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum-graecum); saffron (Crocus sativus); thyme (Thymus vulgaris); turmeric (Curcuma longa). Other spices that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report spices under this heading that are classified individually by FAO. This heading also includes curry powder and other mixtures of different spices.
Crops Primary	373	0709.70	Spinach	Spinacia oleracea. Trade figures may include New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia espansa) and orache (garden) spinach (Atriplex hortensis).
Crops Primary	307	1515.90_i	Stillingia Oil	Obtained by solvent from the seeds of Stillingia sebifera. Used as a drying agent in paints and varnishes.
Crops Primary	541	0810.90ac	Stone fruit, nes	Other stone fruit not separately identified. In some countries, apricots, cherries, peaches, nectarines and plums are reported under this general category.
Crops Primary	544	0810.10	Strawberries	Fragaria spp..
Crops Primary	423	0708.20_b	String beans	Phaseolus vulgaris; Vigna spp. Not for shelling
Crops Primary	157	1212.91_a	Sugar beet	Beta vulgaris var. altissima. In some producing countries, marginal quantities are consumed, either directly as food or in the preparation of jams.
Crops Primary	156	1212.99aa	Sugar cane	Saccharum officinarum. In some producing countries, marginal quantities of sugar cane are consumed, either directly as food or in the form of juice.
Crops Primary	161	1212.99ab	Sugar crops, nes	Including inter alia: sugar maple (Acer saccharum); sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum); sugar palm (Arenga saccharifera). Includes minor sugar crops of local importance. In the case of saps, production is to be expressed in liquid equivalent.
Crops Primary	267	1206.00_a	Sunflower seed	Helianthus annuus. Valued mainly for its oil. Minor uses include as a human food and as feed for birds.
Crops Primary	122	0714.20_a	Sweet potatoes	Ipomoea batatas. A seasonal crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Used mainly for human food. Trade data cover fresh and dried tubers, whether or not sliced or in the form or pellets.
Crops Primary	305	1207.9ad	Tallowtree Seeds	Borneo tallow tree (Shorea aptera; S. stenocarpa); Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum; Stillingia sebifera). Grown wild and cultivated. FAO considers vegetable tallow and stillingia oil to be primary products (see below).
Crops Primary	495	0805.20_a	Tangerines, mandarins, clem.	Mandarin, tangerine (Citrus reticulata); clementine, satsuma (C. unshiu).
Crops Primary	136	0714.90_bb	Taro (cocoyam)	Dasheen, eddoe, taro, old cocoyam(Colocasia esculenta). Aroids cultivated for their edible starchy corms or underground stems. Taro is grown throughout the tropics for food. Trade data cover both fresh and dried taro.
Crops Primary	667	0902	Tea	Camellia sinensis; Thea sinensis; Thea assaamica. Includes green tea (unfermented), black tea (fermented), and partially fermented tea. Excludes green tea eaten as a vegetable.
Crops Primary	674	0902_b	Tea Nes	Various plants used for making infusions like tea, i.e. herbal teas.
Crops Primary	826	2401_a	Tobacco, unmanufactured	Nicotiana tabacum. Unmanufactured dry tobacco, including refuse that is not stemmed or stripped, or is partly or wholly stemmed or stripped.
Crops Primary	388	0702.00_a	Tomatoes	Lycopersicon esculentum.
Crops Primary	97	1008.90ae	Triticale	A minor cereal that is a cross between wheat and rye, combining the quality and yield of wheat with the hardiness of rye.
Crops Primary	275	1207.9ai	Tung Nuts	Aleurites cordata; A. fordii. Valued mainly for their oil.
Crops Primary	692	0905.00	Vanilla	Vanilla planifolia; V. pompona. The fruit (or bean) of a climbing plant of the orchid family. Includes whole, crushed or ground.
Crops Primary	306	1515.90_h	Vegetable Tallow	Obtained by pressure extraction or by solvent from the kernels of the fruit of the Borneo tallow tree and from the outer coating that surrounds the seeds of the fruit of the Chinese tallow tree. Used as a substitute for cocoa butter. Also used in soap, candles, medicines and cosmetics.
Crops Primary	463	0706.10_a	Vegetables fresh nes	Including inter alia: bamboo shoots (Bambusa spp.); beets, chards (Beta vulgaris); capers (Capparis spinosa); cardoons (Cynara cardunculus); celery (Apium graveolens); chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium); cress (Lepidium sativum); fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); horseradish (Cochlearia armoracia); marjoram, sweet (Majorana hortensis); oyster plant (Tragopogon porrifolius); parsley (Petroselinum crispum); parsnips (Pastinaca sativa); radish (Raphanus sativus); rhubarb (Rheum spp.); rutabagas, swedes (Brassica napus); savory (Satureja hortensis); scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica); sorrel (Rumex acetosa); soybean sprouts tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus); watercress (Nasturtium officinale). Other vegetables that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report vegetables under this heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops Primary	205	0713.90ac	Vetches	Spring/common vetch (Vicia sativa). Used mainly for animal feed.
Crops Primary	222	0802.31_a	Walnuts, with shell	Jugland spp.: J. regia. Produced in temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in the United States.
Crops Primary	567	0807.11	Watermelons	Citrullus vulgaris.
Crops Primary	15	1001_a	Wheat	Triticum spp.: common (T. aestivum) durum (T. durum) spelt (T. spelta). Common and durum wheat are the main types. Among common wheat, the main varieties are spring and winter, hard and soft, and red and white. At the national level, different varieties should be reported separately, reflecting their different uses. Used mainly for human food.
Crops Primary	137	0714.90_a	Yams	Dioscorea spp.. The principal edible yams are widely grown throughout the tropics. A starchy staple foodstuff, normally eaten as a vegetable, boiled, baked or fried. In West Africa they are consumed mainly as "fufu", a stiff glutinous dough. Trade data cover both fresh and dried yams.
Crops Primary	135	0714.90_ba	Yautia (cocoyam)	Xanthosoma spp.; malanga, new cocoyam, ocumo, tannia (X. sagittifolium). Several plants are included in this group, some with edible tubers and others with edible stems (also called aroids). Yautia is grown mainly in the Caribbean and is used for food. Trade data cover both fresh and dried yautia.
Livestock Primary	1123	0101_ba	Ass Live Weight
Livestock Primary	1183	1521.90_a	Beeswax	The substance bees use to build the hexagonal cells of the combs of beehives. Includes other insect waxes as well, i.e. lac and Chinese wax.
Livestock Primary	1071	0207.32_ab	Biological Duck Meat
Livestock Primary	1078	0207.32_bb	Biological Goose Meat
Livestock Primary	1162	0208.90_bb	Biological Other Camel
Livestock Primary	1085	0208.90_ab	Biological Other Poultry
Livestock Primary	1155	0208.90_ac	Biological Rodents
Livestock Primary	1088	0207.24_ab	Biological Turkey Meat
Livestock Primary	1089	0208.90ac	Bird meat, nes	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	973	0102_ba	Buffalo Live Weight
Livestock Primary	947	0201.10_b	Buffalo meat	Fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone in or boneless.
Livestock Primary	951	0401.20_b	Buffalo milk, whole, fresh	See 882 and derived products.
Livestock Primary	1138	0106.1_aa	Camel Live Weight
Livestock Primary	1127	0208.90aa	Camel meat	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1130	0401.20_e	Camel milk, whole, fresh	See 882.
Livestock Primary	945	0102_aa	Cattle Live Weight
Livestock Primary	867	0201.10_a	Cattle meat	Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone in. Commontrade names are beef and veal.
Livestock Primary	1095	0105_aa	Chicken Live Weight
Livestock Primary	1058	0207.1_a	Chicken meat	Fresh, chilled or frozen. May include all types of poultry meat ifnational statistics do not report separate data.
Livestock Primary	882	0401.20_a	Cow milk, whole, fresh	Production data refer to raw milk containing all its constituents. Trade data normally cover milk from any animal, and refer to milk that is not concentrated, pasteurized, sterilized or other-wise preserved, homogenized or peptonized.
Livestock Primary	1069	0207.32_a	Duck meat	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1163	0208.90ab	Game meat	Meat and offals of wild animals, whether fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1033	0104.20_a	Goat Live Weight
Livestock Primary	1017	0204.50	Goat meat	Meat of goats and kids, whether fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone inor boneless.
Livestock Primary	1020	0401.20_d	Goat milk, whole, fresh	See 882 and derived products.
Livestock Primary	1073	0207.32_b	Goose and guinea fowl meat	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1062	0407.00a	Hen eggs, in shell	Weight in shell.
Livestock Primary	1121	0101_aa	Horse Live Weight
Livestock Primary	1097	0205.00_a	Horse meat	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1166	0208.90ad	Meat nes	Including frog legs, marine mammals, etc. Some countries includeunder this heading meats that are listed above, but which are notreported separately. Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1108	0205_a	Meat of Asses	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1111	0205_b	Meat of Mules	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1151	0208.90_a	Meat of Other Rod	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1158	0208.90_b	Meat Oth Camelids	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1182	0409.00	Natural honey	Honey produced by bees (Apis mellifera) or by other insects.
Livestock Primary	1091	0407.00b	Other bird eggs,in shell	Weight in shell.
Livestock Primary	1056	0103_a	Pig Live Weight
Livestock Primary	1035	0203_a	Pig meat	Meat, with the bone in, of domestic or wild pigs (e.g. wild boars),whether fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	1145	0106.1_ca	Rabbit - Live weight
Livestock Primary	1141	0208.10_a	Rabbit meat	Fresh, chilled or frozen. May include hare meat.
Livestock Primary	1013	0104.10_a	Sheep Live Weight
Livestock Primary	977	0204.21_a	Sheep meat	Meat of sheep and lamb, whether fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone inor boneless.
Livestock Primary	982	0401.20_c	Sheep milk, whole, fresh	See 882 and derived products.
Livestock Primary	1185	5001.00_a	Silk-worm cocoons, reelable	Silkworm cocoons suitable for reeling. Foreign trade data are expressed in silk equivalent, which is 25% of their weight.
Livestock Primary	1176	0307.60	Snails, Not Sea	Fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine.
Livestock Primary	1080	0207.2_a	Turkey meat	Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Livestock Primary	987	5101.1_a	Wool, greasy	A natural fibre taken from sheep or lambs. Includes fleece-washed, shorn and pulled wool (from slaughtered animals), but does not include carded or combed wool.