FAOSTAT   FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
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Group NameItem FAO CodeItem Name Definition
Crops and livestock products800Agave Fibres NesIncluding inter alia: Haiti hemp (Agave foetida); henequen (A. fourcroydes); ixtle, tampico (A. lecheguilla); maguey (A. cantala); pita (A. americana); Salvador hemp (A. letonae). See 789. The leaves of some agave varieties are used for the production of alcoholic beverages, such as aquamiel, mezcal, pulque and tequila.
Crops and livestock products641Alfalfa for forage and silageMedicago sativa. A deep-rooted perennial herb used for green fodder, for hay or silage, and for pasture.
Crops and livestock products862Alfalfa Meal and PelletsAlfalfa (lucerne) dried, whole, cut, chopped, milled, pressed or pelletized.
Crops and livestock products231Almonds ShelledAround 55% of the weight in shell.
Crops and livestock products221Almonds, with shellPrunus amygdalus; P. communis; Amygdalus communis. Produced mainly in Mediterranean countries, the United States and Asia.
Crops and livestock products711Anise, badian, fennel, corian.Include: anise (Pimpinella anisum); badian or star anise (Illicium verum); caraway (Carum carvi); coriander (Coriandrum sativum); cumin (Cuminum cyminum); fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); juniper berries (Juniperus communis). Seeds and berries from the various plants listed. They are normally used as spices, but also have industrial (e.g. in distilleries) and medicinal applications.
Crops and livestock products519Apple juice, concentratedSee 492.
Crops and livestock products518Apple juice, single strengthSee 491.
Crops and livestock products515ApplesMalus pumila; M. sylvestris; M. communis; Pyrus malus.
Crops and livestock products526ApricotsPrunus armeniaca.
Crops and livestock products226ArecanutsAreca, betel nut (Areca catechu). Produced mainly in the Far East. Areca nuts are used mainly as masticatory. These nuts contain alkaloids (arecoline and arecaidine).
Crops and livestock products366ArtichokesCynara scolymus.
Crops and livestock products367AsparagusAsparagus officinalis.
Crops and livestock products572AvocadosPersea americana.
Crops and livestock products1039Bacon and HamMeat of pigs, whether salted, in brine, dried or smoked.
Crops and livestock products170BagasseResidue consisting of the fibrous portion of the sugar cane after the juice has been extracted. Used as a fuel in sugar mills, as an animal feed, and in paper production.
Crops and livestock products203Bambara beansBambara groundnut, earth pea (Voandzeia subterranea). These beand are grown underground in a similar way to groundnuts.
Crops and livestock products486BananasMusa sapientum; M. cavendishii; M. nana. Bananas are normally eaten raw. Trade figures may include dried bananas. Data should be reported excluding the weight of the central stalk.
Crops and livestock products44BarleyHordeum spp.: two-row barley (H. disticum) six-row barley (H. hexasticum) four-row barley (H. vulgare). Tolerates poorer soils and lower temperatures better than does wheat. Varieties include with husk and without (naked). Used as a livestock feed, for malt and for preparing foods. The roasted grains are a coffee substitute.
Crops and livestock products48Barley Flour and GritsFine flour and course meal obtained as milling by-products of pearled barley.
Crops and livestock products46Barley PearledSmall, round pellets obtained by the further milling of pot barley. This definition also includes kibbled, rolled or flaked grains.
Crops and livestock products176Beans, dryPhaseolus spp.: kidney, haricot bean (Ph. vulgaris); lima, butter bean (Ph. lunatus); adzuki bean (Ph. angularis); mungo bean, golden, green gram (Ph. aureus); black gram, urd (Ph. mungo); scarlet runner bean (Ph. coccineus); rice bean (Ph. calcaratus); moth bean (Ph. aconitifolius); tepary bean (Ph. acutifolius). Only species of Phaseolus should be included, though several countries also include certain types of beans. Commonly classified as Vigna (angularis, mungo, radiata, aconitifolia). In the past, these species were also classified as Phaseolus.
Crops and livestock products414Beans, greenPhaseolus and Vigna spp.. For shelling.
Crops and livestock products51Beer of BarleyBeverage that may be alcoholic or non-alcoholic that is made from fermented malted cereals (mainly barley), water and hops. Non-malted cereals may also be used. The FAO definition differs from the main international classifications in that it includes non-alcoholic beer.
Crops and livestock products86Beer of SorghumA traditional beer prepared in African countries in which sorghum is cultivated. It is normally consumed while still fermenting.
Crops and livestock products1183BeeswaxThe substance bees use to build the hexagonal cells of the combs of beehives. Includes other insect waxes as well, i.e. lac and Chinese wax.
Crops and livestock products169Beet PulpResidue from the extraction of sugar from the root of sugar beets. Used for animal feed.
Crops and livestock products647Beets for FodderBeet, beetroot, mangold (Beta vulgaris). Especially cultivated for fodder.
Crops and livestock products558Berries NesIncluding inter alia: blackberry (Morus nigra); loganberry; white, red mulberry (M. alba; M. rubra); myrtle berry (Myrtus communis) huckleberry, dangleberry (Gaylussacia spp.). Other berries not separately identified. In some countries, some or all of the berries listed previously are reported under this general category.
Crops and livestock products634Bever. Dist.AlcIncludes undenatured ethyl alcohol (strength by volume < 80%); spirits, liqueurs and other spirituous beverages and preparations.
Crops and livestock products633Beverage Non-AlcIncludes sweetened or flavoured mineral waters and other non-alcoholic beverages, such as lemonade, orangeade, cola, etc. Excludes fruit and vegetable juices.
Crops and livestock products1089Bird meat, nesFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products552BlueberriesEuropean blueberry, wild bilberry, whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus); American blueberry (V. corymbosum). Trade data may include cranberries, myrtle berries and other fruits of the genus Vaccinium.
Crops and livestock products91Bran BuckwheatA milling by-product.
Crops and livestock products47Bran of BarleyA by-product of the production of pot barley.
Crops and livestock products112Bran of CerealsA milling by-product.
Crops and livestock products96Bran of FonioA milling by-product.
Crops and livestock products59Bran of MaizeA by-product of the milling of shelled maize.
Crops and livestock products81Bran of MilletA milling by-product.
Crops and livestock products105Bran of Mixed GrainsA milling by-product.
Crops and livestock products77Bran of OatsBy-product of milling oats for human consumption, containing mainly hulls and fragments of the endosperm (oat millfeed), as well as residues from hulling, rolling, flaking, etc.
Crops and livestock products213Bran of PulsesBran, sharps and other residues from the milling or working of pulses.
Crops and livestock products35Bran of RiceA by-product of polishing brown rice, comprising the pericarp, aleurone layer, embryo and some endosperm.
Crops and livestock products73Bran of RyeA milling by-product.
Crops and livestock products85Bran of SorghumA milling by-product.
Crops and livestock products17Bran of WheatDefined broadly to include sharps and other residue from the milling, sifting or other working of the grain. Contains a little flour.
Crops and livestock products229Brazil Nuts ShelledAround 55% of the weight in shell.
Crops and livestock products216Brazil nuts, with shellBrazil, Para or cream nut (Bertholletia excelsa).
Crops and livestock products20BreadA baked product of flour or meal of cereals, especially wheat. Includes ordinary, unleavened, crackers, rusks, etc.
Crops and livestock products41Breakfast CerealsFoods prepared by swelling and roasting cereals or cereal products, e.g. corn flakes, puffed rice; cereals o/t maize, in grain form, precooked or otherwise prepared.
Crops and livestock products181Broad beans, horse beans, dryVicia faba: horse-bean (var. equina); broad bean (var. major); field bean (var. minor).
Crops and livestock products89BuckwheatFagopyrum esculentum (Polygonaceae). A minor cereal cultivated primarily in northern regions. Buckwheat is considered a cereal, although it does not belong to the gramineous family.
Crops and livestock products957Buffalo HideSee 919. Both adult and young animals.
Crops and livestock products947Buffalo meatFresh, chilled or frozen, with bone in or boneless.
Crops and livestock products21BulgurWhole wheat grains that are boiled, dried and cracked, either between stones or in a hand mill. Very popular in the Near East.
Crops and livestock products886Butter Cow MilkEmulsion of milk fat and water that is obtained by churning cream. Trade data cover butter from the milk of any animal.
Crops and livestock products264Butter of Karite NutsA very important vegetable oil in West Africa. Used as a substitute for cocoa butter and in cosmetics.
Crops and livestock products983Butter,Ghee of Sheep Milk 
Crops and livestock products893Butterm.,Curdl,Acid.MilkResidue from butter making. Includes kephir.
Crops and livestock products358Cabbages and other brassicasChinese, mustard cabbage, pak-choi (Brassica chinensis); white, red, savoy cabbage, Brussels sprouts, collards, kale and kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea all var. except botrytis).
Crops and livestock products253Cake of CopraResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products332Cake of CottonseedResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products245Cake of GroundnutsResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products338Cake of HempseedResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products314Cake of KapokResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products335Cake of LinseedResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products61Cake of MaizeA residue of the extraction of oil from germ.
Crops and livestock products294Cake of MustardResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products341Cake of Oilseeds, NesResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products259Cake of Palm KernelResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products272Cake of RapeseedResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products291Cake of Sesame SeedResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products238Cake of SoybeansOilcake and other solid residues (except dregs), whether or not ground, or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of fats or oils.
Crops and livestock products37Cake Rice BranA residue of the extraction of oil. Also known as de-oiled rice bran.
Crops and livestock products282Cake SafflowerResidue from oil extraction.
Crops and livestock products1127Camel meatFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products101Canary seedPhalaris canariensis. Minor cereal normally used as bird feed.
Crops and livestock products630Cane TopsThe leaves and upper part of the stalks, which are used for feed. The tops represent about 10% of the weight of the plant.
Crops and livestock products451Canned MushroomsMushrooms and truffles, prepared or preserved o/t by vinegar or acetic acid; either whole, in pieces, or homogenized.
Crops and livestock products461CarobsCeratonia siliqua Carob-tree, locust bean. Includes also seeds. Mainly used as an animal feed and for industrial purposes. Rich in pectin.
Crops and livestock products426Carrots and turnipsDaucus carota. Trade data may include turnips (Brassica rapa var. rapifera).
Crops and livestock products230Cashew Nuts ShelledAround 25% of the weight in shell.
Crops and livestock products217Cashew nuts, with shellAnacardium occidentale. Produced mainly in East Africa, India and Brazil.
Crops and livestock products591CashewappleAnacardium occidentale. The thickened, fleshy stem below the cashew nut. When soft it is used for jam.
Crops and livestock products125CassavaManioc, mandioca, yuca (Manihot esculenta, syn. M. utilissima); yuca dulce (M. palmata, syn. M. dulcis). A semi-permanent crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Sometimes bitter and sweet cassavas are referred to as separate species, the former being M. esculenta and the latter M. palmata, but this is incorrect since the toxicity varies according to location. Cassava is the staple food in many tropical countries. It is not traded internationally in its fresh state because tubers deteriorate very rapidly.
Crops and livestock products128Cassava DriedIncludes peeled, sliced and sun-dried (cassava chips), as well as ground and compressed cassava (pellets). Used mainly as livestock feed.
Crops and livestock products129Cassava StarchSee 119. The principal industrial outlet for cassava. Cassava starch is used in the foodstuffs, textile and paper industries for the manufacture of plywood and veneer, adhesives, glucose and dextrine.
Crops and livestock products265Castor oil seedRicinus communis. Valued mainly for their oil, which is used in pharmaceutical products. Ground seedcakes are used as fertilizers (castor oil pomace).
Crops and livestock products871Cattle Butch.FatUnrendered fats that are removed during butchering.
Crops and livestock products919Cattle HidesGreen hide or skin as removed from the carcass of the animal (adult bovine). Used for production data only.
Crops and livestock products867Cattle meatMeat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone in. Commontrade names are beef and veal.
Crops and livestock products393Cauliflowers and broccoliBrassica oleracea var. botrytis, subvariety cauliflora and cymosa. Includes headed broccoli.
Crops and livestock products113Cereal Preparations, NesCereal grains, excluding barley and oats, that are either rolled, flaked, pearled, sliced or kibbled.
Crops and livestock products108Cereals, nesIncluding inter alia: canagua or coaihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule); quihuicha or Inca wheat (Amaranthus caudatus); adlay or Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi); wild rice (Zizania aquatica). Other cereal crops that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report cereals under this commodity heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops and livestock products1021Cheese of Goat Mlk 
Crops and livestock products984Cheese of Sheep Milk 
Crops and livestock products904Cheese of Skimmed Cow MilkMay include some whole milk.
Crops and livestock products901Cheese of Whole Cow MilkCurd of milk that has been coagulated and separated from whey. May include some skimmed milk.
Crops and livestock products531CherriesMazzard, sweet cherry (Prunus avium; Cerasus avium); hard-fleshed cherry (var. duracina); heart cherry (var. juliana).
Crops and livestock products220ChestnutsCastanea spp.: C. vesca; C. vulgaris; C. sativa. Produced mainly in Europe and Asia.
Crops and livestock products191Chick peasChickpea, Bengal gram, garbanzos (Cicer arietinum).
Crops and livestock products1058Chicken meatFresh, chilled or frozen. May include all types of poultry meat ifnational statistics do not report separate data.
Crops and livestock products459Chicory rootsHorium intybus; C. sativum. Unroasted chicory roots.
Crops and livestock products689Chillies and peppers, dryRed and cayenne pepper, paprika, chillies (Capsicum frutescens; C. annuum); allspice, Jamaica pepper (Pimenta officinalis). Uncrushed or unground fresh pimentos are considered to be vegetables.
Crops and livestock products401Chillies and peppers, greenCapsicum annuum; C. fructescens; Pimenta officinalis. Production data exclude crops cultivated explicitly as spices. In contrast, trade data include these crops, provided they are fresh, uncrushed and unground.
Crops and livestock products666Chocolate PrsnesIncludes sweetened cocoa powder, chocolate and other food preparations containing cocoa, as well as sugar confectionery containing cocoa in any amount. Excludes white chocolate (see 168).
Crops and livestock products517Cider EtcFermented beverages nes (e.g. cider, perry, mead), including alcoholic beverages (that are not distilled) made from cereals, roots and fruits, that are not included under other headings, e.g. beer from plantains and ginger.
Crops and livestock products828CigarettesIncludes cigarettes of tobacco substitutes.
Crops and livestock products829Cigars CherootsIncludes cigars, cheroots and cigarillos of tobacco substitutes.
Crops and livestock products693Cinnamon (canella)Ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Chinese, common cinnamon, cassia (C. cassia). The inner bark of young branches of certain trees of the Laurus family. Includes cinnamon- tree flowers, cinnamon fruit and cinnamon waste (chips), whether whole, crushed or ground.
Crops and livestock products512Citrus fruit, nesIncluding inter alia: bergamot (Citrus bergamia); citron (C. medica var. cedrata); chinotto (C. myrtifolia); kumquat (Fortunella japonica). Some minor varieties of citrus are used primarily in the preparation of perfumes and soft drinks.
Crops and livestock products514Citrus juice, concentratedSee 492.
Crops and livestock products513Citrus juice, single strengthSee 491.
Crops and livestock products640Clover for forage and silageTrifolium spp.. Various species grown for pasture, green fodder or silage.
Crops and livestock products698ClovesEugenia caryophyllata; Caryophyllus aromaticus. The whole fruit of the clove tree, including the flowers picked before maturity and dried in the sun, and the stems of the clove flowers.
Crops and livestock products845Cmpd Feed,Oth Or NesSee 840. See general note in the introduction.
Crops and livestock products842Cmpd Feed,PigsSee 840.
Crops and livestock products841Cmpd Feed,PoultrySee 840.
Crops and livestock products1031Coarse Goat HairCommon goat hair. Not carded or combed hair.
Crops and livestock products661Cocoa beansTheobroma cacao. The seeds contained in the fruit of the cacao- tree, including whole or broken, raw or roasted.
Crops and livestock products664Cocoa ButterObtained by hot-pressing either cocoa paste or the whole bean. Includes the fat and oil.
Crops and livestock products662Cocoa PasteObtained by grinding roasted cocoa beans. Also called liquor. Not defatted.
Crops and livestock products663Cocoahusks;ShellIncluding skins and other cocoa waste.
Crops and livestock products665Cocoapowder&CakeWholly or partly defatted paste (cake) and cake reduced to powder, without added sugar or other sweeteners.
Crops and livestock products252Coconut (copra) oilObtained by pressure from copra and by solvent from the residues of pressure extraction. Has both food and industrial uses.
Crops and livestock products249CoconutsCocos nucifera Husked coconut. In shell, covered by the endocarp, while exocarp (the smooth outer skin) and mesocarp (the fibrous covering) are removed. Immature nuts contain a milky juice that is consumed as a refreshing drink. Mature nuts are consumed as such, or processed for copra or desiccated coconut. The flesh, from which copra/oil is extracted, constitutes 40-70% of the weight of the husked coconut. The oil content is about 36% of the flesh.
Crops and livestock products250Coconuts DesiccatedDried, shredded flesh of coconut processed for human consumption. It retains most of the oil and proteins of the fresh nut and is mainly used in confectionery and baking.
Crops and livestock products1187Cocoon Unr.&WasteInclude cocoons unsuitable for reeling and silk waste of all kinds. Not carded or combed.
Crops and livestock products659Coffee ExtractsEssences and concentrates, including instant coffee, roasted chicory and other coffee substitutes, extracts and essences thereof.
Crops and livestock products660Coffee Husks and Skins 
Crops and livestock products657Coffee RoastedWith or without caffeine, and whether or not ground.
Crops and livestock products658Coffee Subst. Cont.CoffeeCoffee substitutes containing coffee in any proportion.
Crops and livestock products656Coffee, greenCoffea spp. (arabica, robusta, liberica). Raw coffee in all forms.
Crops and livestock products813CoirCocos nucifera. Coir fibre is obtained from the fibrous covering of the mesocarp. For trade coverage see 789.
Crops and livestock products840Compound Feed, CattlePrepared animal feed designed to provide a balanced diet (complete feed).
Crops and livestock products251CopraThe dried flesh of coconut from which the oil is extracted.
Crops and livestock products768Cotton Carded,CombedCotton (including garnetted stock and other cotton waste) which has been carded or combed, whether or not further prepared for spinning. May be bleached or dyed.
Crops and livestock products767Cotton lintGossypium spp. Fibres from ginning seed cotton that have not been carded or combed. Trade data also include fibres that have been cleaned, bleached, dyed or rendered absorbent.
Crops and livestock products770Cotton LinterVery short fibres that cover the seeds after ginning and that are very high in cellulose.
Crops and livestock products769Cotton WasteWaste is produced when cotton is prepared for spinning, or during spinning operations, weaving, knitting, etc., or from garnetting cotton goods.
Crops and livestock products329CottonseedUsed for extracting oil.
Crops and livestock products331Cottonseed oilObtained first by pressure extraction from the kernels of cotton seeds. The residue from this process is then exposed to a solvent. Used mainly as a food.
Crops and livestock products882Cow milk, whole, freshProduction data refer to raw milk containing all its constituents. Trade data normally cover milk from any animal, and refer to milk that is not concentrated, pasteurized, sterilized or other-wise preserved, homogenized or peptonized.
Crops and livestock products195Cow peas, dryCowpea, blackeye pea/bean (Vigna sinensis; Dolichos sinensis).
Crops and livestock products554CranberriesAmerican cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon); European cranberry (V. oxycoccus). Trade data may include blueberries, myrtle berries and other fruits of the genus Vaccinium.
Crops and livestock products885Cream FreshThat portion of milk which is rich in milk fat and is separated by skimming or centrifuging.
Crops and livestock products1293Crude MaterialsTrade data are expressed in value terms only. Including, of vegetable origin: bulbs, tubers, tuberous roots, corms, crowns and rhizomes; live plants, cuttings and slips; mushroom spawn; cut flowers and flower buds; foliage, branches and grasses, mosses and lichens; plants and parts used primarily in perfumes, pharmaceuticals, insecticides, fungicides, or for similar purposes; seaweeds and other algae; vegetable saps and extracts; materials used for plaiting, stuffing or padding; materials used primarily in brooms or brushes; and materials used primarily in dyeing and tanning. Includes of animal origin: human hair, unworked and waste; pigs bristles and hair; badger hair and other brush- making hair and waste; guts, bladders and stomachs of animals (o/t fish); skins and other parts of birds with their feathers or down; bones and horn-cores, unworked, defatted, simply prepared; powder and waste; ivory, tortoiseshell, whalebone, claws and beaks; coral and shells of molluscs and crustaceans; sponges of animal origin, ambergris, castoreum, civet and musk; cantharides, bile glands and other animal products used in pharmaceuticals.
Crops and livestock products397Cucumbers and gherkinsCucumis sativus.
Crops and livestock products550CurrantsBlack (Ribes nigrum); red and white (R. rubrum). Trade data may sometimes include gooseberries.
Crops and livestock products577DatesPhoenix dactylifera. Includes fresh and dried fruit.
Crops and livestock products1222DegrasA residue from tanning leather that is obtained either by pressing or by extraction with solvents.
Crops and livestock products654Dregs From Brewing;Dist. 
Crops and livestock products450Dried MushroomsMushrooms and truffles, whether dried, dehydrated, evaporated or freeze-dried.
Crops and livestock products527Dry ApricotsPrepared either by direct drying in the sun or by industrial processes. May be marketed as slices or blocks of pulp, either dried or evaporated.
Crops and livestock products1069Duck meatFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products399Eggplants (aubergines)Solanum melongena. Also called aubergines.
Crops and livestock products1064Eggs DriedWhole eggs and egg yolks, dried or powdered.
Crops and livestock products1063Eggs LiquidWhole eggs, not in the shell, and egg yolks in liquid form that are frozen or otherwise preserved.
Crops and livestock products672Extracts Tea, Mate, PrepIncludes essences, concentrates and preparations of tea and mat‚.
Crops and livestock products1060Fat Liver Prep (Foie Gras)Fatty livers of ducks and geese when cooked, prepared or preserved(e.g. pat‚).
Crops and livestock products1129Fat of CamelsUnrendered slaughter fats.
Crops and livestock products869Fat of CattleUnrendered slaughter fats from bovine animals, including edible and inedible fats that are removed in the course of dressing the carcass.
Crops and livestock products1037Fat of PigsUnrendered slaughter fats of pigs. See 869.
Crops and livestock products1065Fat of PoultryUnrendered poultry fat.
Crops and livestock products1066Fat of Ptry RendRendered poultry fat, including bone fat and fat obtained from waste.
Crops and livestock products979Fat of SheepUnrendered slaughter fats of sheep. See 869.
Crops and livestock products1243Fat Prep NesCooking fats prepared from both vegetable and animal oils and fats. Usually containing 100% fat.
Crops and livestock products1276Fatty AcidsManufactured by the saponification or hydrolysis of natural fats or oils. Including acid oils from refining.
Crops and livestock products854Feed AdditivesSee 851.
Crops and livestock products855Feed MineralsSee 851.
Crops and livestock products850Feed SupplementsPrepared animal feed that supplements the basic farm produced feed with organic or inorganic substances.
Crops and livestock products821Fibre Crops NesIncluding inter alia: alfa, esparto (Lygeum spartum; Stipa tenacissima); bowstring hemp (Sansevieria spp.); caroa (Neoglaziovia variegata); fuque fibre (Furcraea macrophylla); Mauritius hemp (F. gigantea); New Zealand flax (Phormium tenax); palma ixtle (Samuela carnerosana). Other fibres that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report vegetable fibres under this commodity heading that are classified individually by FAO. The fibre is obtained from the leaves, stalks or fruit of the plant. In instances where the fibrous part is normally used for other purposes, data cover only those fibres intended for spinning. For trade coverage see 789.
Crops and livestock products569FigsFicus carica.
Crops and livestock products570Figs DriedSee 527.
Crops and livestock products1030Fine Goat HairHair from cashmere, angora (mohair) and similar goats. Excludes carded or combed hair.
Crops and livestock products773Flax fibre and towBroken, scutched, hackled etc. but not spun. Traditionally, FAO has used this commodity to identify production in its raw state; in reality, the primary agricultural product is the commodity 771, which can either be used for the production of fibre or for other purposes.
Crops and livestock products771Flax Fibre RawLinum usitatissimum Flax Straw. Flax is cultivated for seed as well as for fibre. The fibre is obtained from the stem of the plant. Data are reported in terms of straw.
Crops and livestock products774Flax Tow WasteIncludes yarn waste and garnetted stock.
Crops and livestock products90Flour of BuckwheatBroadly defined to include meal, groats and pellets. The flour is normally used in bread and crackers, and is also mixed with wheat flour. Meal and groats are normally used for soups.
Crops and livestock products126Flour of CassavaA product of tubers that have been peeled, dried and milled; mainly for human consumption. Includes flour, meal and flakes.
Crops and livestock products111Flour of CerealsBroadly defined to include meal, groats and pellets.
Crops and livestock products95Flour of FonioBroadly defined to include meal, groats and pellets.
Crops and livestock products624Flour of FruitsIncludes the flour, meal, powder, nuts and peel of fruits.
Crops and livestock products58Flour of MaizeBroadly defined to include meal, groats and pellets.
Crops and livestock products80Flour of MilletBroadly defined to include meal, groats and pellets.
Crops and livestock products104Flour of Mixed GrainBroadly defined to include meal, groats and pellets.
Crops and livestock products295Flour of MustardIncludes flour, meal and prepared mustard.
Crops and livestock products343Flour of OilseedsFlours and meals of oilseeds and oleaginous fruits (excluding mustard), non defatted or partially defatted.
Crops and livestock products212Flour of PulsesProduced through milling or grinding of pulses. This heading also includes meal.
Crops and livestock products150Flour of Roots and TubersFlour and meal produced from roots and tubers o/t potatoes and cassava.
Crops and livestock products72Flour of RyeBroadly defined to include meal, groats and pellets. In northern countries, rye flour is used primarily in bread.
Crops and livestock products84Flour of SorghumBroadly defined to include meal, groats and pellets.
Crops and livestock products16Flour of WheatDefined broadly to include meal, groats and pellets. Strong flours from hard wheat are used for bread, while durum wheat flour is used primarily for pasta. Weaker flours from soft wheat are mainly used in cakes, pastries, biscuits and certain noodles.
Crops and livestock products94FonioDigitaria spp.: fonio or findi (D. exilis); black fonio or hungry rice (D. iburua). A minor cereal of importance only in West Africa where it is eaten in place of rice during famines. The seeds are cooked by steaming the whole grain.
Crops and livestock products1232Food Prep NesIncluding both crop and livestock products. Inter alia: homogenized composite food preparations; soups and broths; ketchup and other sauces; mixed condiments and seasonings; vinegar and substitutes; yeast and baking powders; stuffed pasta, whether or not cooked; couscous; and protein concentrates. Including turtle eggs and birds' nests.
Crops and livestock products115Food Prep,Flour,Malt ExtractFood preparations of flour, meal, starch or malt extracts, that either do not contain, or contain less than 50%, cocoa powder. Also, food preparations of milk that either do not contain, or contain less than 10%, cocoa powder.
Crops and livestock products1259Food Waste,Prep. for FeedSame coverage as 653.
Crops and livestock products653Food WastesSweetened forage and preparations of a kind used for animal feed, e.g. wine lees, argol.
Crops and livestock products651forage ProductsPlants specifically grown for animal feed.
Crops and livestock products118Frozen PotatoesPeeled potatoes that are either cooked or uncooked, sliced or unsliced, and then frozen.
Crops and livestock products620Fruit Dried NesDried fruit other than apricots, dates, citrus, figs, grapes, nuts and plums.
Crops and livestock products619Fruit Fresh NesIncluding inter alia: azarole (Crataegus azarolus); babaco (Carica pentagona); elderberry (Sambucus nigra); jujube (Zizyphus jujuba); litchi (nephelium litchi); loquat (Eriobotrya japonica); medlar (Mespilus germanica); pawpaw (Asimina triloba); pomegranate (Punica granatum); prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica); rose hips (Rosa spp.); rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia); service-apple (Sorbus domestica); tamarind (Tamarindus indica); tree-strawberry (Arbutus unedo). Other fresh fruit that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report fresh fruit under this heading that are classified separately by FAO.
Crops and livestock products622Fruit Juice NesSee 491.
Crops and livestock products623Fruit Prp NesFruit, nuts and peel, including frozen, prepared or preserved, jam, paste, marmalade, pur‚e and cooked fruits, other than those listed separately.
Crops and livestock products604Fruit Tropical Dried NesIncluding, whenever possible, dried bananas, plantains and pineapples as well as other unlisted tropical fruits.
Crops and livestock products603Fruit, tropical fresh nesIncluding inter alia: breadfruit (Artocarpus incisa); carambola (Averrhoa carambola); cherimoya, custard apple (Annona spp.); durian (Durio zibethinus); feijoa (Feijoa sellowiana); guava (Psidium guajava); hog plum, mombin (Spondias spp.); jackfruit (Artocarpus integrifolia); longan (nephelium longan); mammee (Mammea americana); mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana); naranjillo (Solanum quitoense); passion fruit (Passiflora edulis); rambutan (nephelium lappaceum); sapote, mamey colorado (Calocarpum mammosum); sapodilla (Achras sapota); star apple, cainito (Chrysophyllum spp.). Other tropical fresh fruit that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. In some countries mangoes, avocados, pineapples, dates and papayas are reported under this general category.
Crops and livestock products625Fruit,Nut,Peel, Sugar PrsFruit, nuts, fruit peel, and other parts of plants preserved with sugar (either drained, glazed or crystallized).
Crops and livestock products1163Game meatMeat and offals of wild animals, whether fresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products406GarlicAllium sativum.
Crops and livestock products57Germ of MaizeThe seed embryo that is separated during processing and is valued mainly for its oil.
Crops and livestock products19Germ of WheatThe seed embryo. Whole or rolled germ is used for oil extraction by solvents. Flaked or ground germ is used in bakers' wares, dietetic preparations, feed supplements and in pharmaceutical preparations.
Crops and livestock products953Ghee Oil of Buf 
Crops and livestock products887Ghee,Butteroil of Cow MilkButter from which the water has been removed. Very common in hot countries. Includes also anhydrous butterfat or butter oil.
Crops and livestock products720GingerZingiber officinale. Rhizome of a perennial herb. It also is used for making beverages. Includes fresh, provisionally preserved or dried, whereas ginger preserved in sugar or syrup is excluded.
Crops and livestock products172Glucose and DextroseGlucose is a monosaccharide produced by hydrolysing starch with acids and/or enzymes. Dextrose is chemically pure glucose. Used in the food industry, in brewing, in tobacco fermentation and in pharmaceutical products.
Crops and livestock products846Gluten Feed&MealGenerally, by-products of the wet milling of maize. Gluten feed consists of fibres, spent germ and steep liquor. Gluten meal contains endosperm protein fractions that remain following starch recovery.
Crops and livestock products1017Goat meatMeat of goats and kids, whether fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone inor boneless.
Crops and livestock products1025GoatskinsSee 919. Both adult and young animals.
Crops and livestock products1073Goose and guinea fowl meatFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products549GooseberriesRibes grossularia. Trade data may sometimes include black, white or red currants.
Crops and livestock products562Grape JuiceSee 491. Includes unfermented grape must.
Crops and livestock products507Grapefruit (inc. pomelos)Citrus maxima; C. grandis; C. paradisi.
Crops and livestock products510Grapefruit juice, concentratedSee 492.
Crops and livestock products560GrapesVitis vinifera. Includes both table and wine grapes.
Crops and livestock products639Grasses Nes for forage;SilIncluding inter alia: bent, redtop, fiorin grass (Agrostis spp.); bluegrass (Poa spp.); Columbus grass (Sorghum almum); fescue (Festuca spp.); Napier, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum); orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata); Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana); Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense); Timothy grass (Phleum pratense). Includes species used for cereal production, if cut green for fodder.
Crops and livestock products994Grease incl. Lanolin WoolExtracted from the soapy water in which wool has been scoured, or from greasy wool by meand of solvents. Lanolin is obtained by purifying wool grease. Includes wool grease olein and stearin.
Crops and livestock products244Groundnut oilObtained by pressure or solvent extraction. Used mainly for food.
Crops and livestock products243Groundnuts ShelledUsed as direct food and for extracting oil.
Crops and livestock products242Groundnuts, with shellArachis hypogaea. For trade data, groundnuts in shell are converted at 70% and reported on a shelled basis.
Crops and livestock products839Gums NaturalIncluding inter alia: balata (Manilkara bidentata); ceara (Manihot glaziovii); chicle gum (Achras zapota); guayule (Parthenium argentatum); gutta-percha (Palachium gutta); jelutong (Dieva costulana). Extracted from the latex of trees of various species. Although similar to rubber in many ways, natural gums are usually less elastic.
Crops and livestock products1008Hair Carded/ CombedWool and fine or coarse animal hair, carded or combed, including combed wool in fragments.
Crops and livestock products1219Hair Coarse NesHair from flanks of equines and bovines, as well as hair from other animals, such as dogs and monkeys. Excludes carded or combed hair.
Crops and livestock products1218Hair FineFine animal hair, mainly from alpaca, llama, vicu¤a, camel and angora rabbit. Excludes carded or combed hair.
Crops and livestock products1100Hair of HorsesIncludes hair of the manes and tails of equine and bovine animals and waste therefrom. Hair from flanks included in 1219.
Crops and livestock products858Hay (Clover, Lucerne,Etc)Hay from leguminous crops.
Crops and livestock products859Hay (Unspecified)Hay from unspecified plants.
Crops and livestock products857Hay Non LegumHay that is mainly from grasses.
Crops and livestock products233Hazelnuts ShelledAround 50% of the weight in shell.
Crops and livestock products225Hazelnuts, with shellCorylus avellana. Produced mainly in Mediterranean countries and the United States.
Crops and livestock products777Hemp Tow WasteCannabis sativa. This plant is cultivated for seed as well as for fibre. The fibre is obtained from the stem of the plant. Trade data include raw, retted, scutched, combed fibre, tow and waste.
Crops and livestock products336HempseedCannabis sativa. An annual herbaceous that is cultivated for its fibre as well as its oil. In major producing countries oil is extracted from the seeds.
Crops and livestock products1062Hen eggs, in shellWeight in shell.
Crops and livestock products1104Hides Dry Slt HorsesSee 921. Includes hides of asses and mules.
Crops and livestock products1215Hides Dry Slt NesSee 921.
Crops and livestock products959Hides Drysalt BufSee 921.
Crops and livestock products1216Hides NesSee 922.
Crops and livestock products922Hides Nes CattleLimed, pickled or otherwise preserved.
Crops and livestock products1136Hides Unsp CamelsSee 922.
Crops and livestock products1105Hides Unsp HorseSee 922. Includes hides of asses and mules.
Crops and livestock products958Hides Wet Salted BuffaloesSee 920.
Crops and livestock products1134Hides Wet Salted CamelsSee 920.
Crops and livestock products920Hides Wet Salted CattleApproximately 80-85% of green weight.
Crops and livestock products1103Hides Wet Salted HorsesSee 920. Includes hides of asses and mules.
Crops and livestock products1214Hides Wet Salted NesSee 920.
Crops and livestock products921Hidesdry S.CattleIncludes dry and dry-salted, approximately 35% and 55% of green weight, respectively.
Crops and livestock products626Homogen. Cooked Fruit PrpCooked fruit preparations, homogenized for dietetic and infant foods.
Crops and livestock products877Homogen.Meat Prp.Preparations used in infant or dietetic food.
Crops and livestock products476Homogen.Veget.PrepPreparations Vegetables prepared for dietetic and infant food.
Crops and livestock products677HopsHumulus lupulus. Hop cones, fresh or dried, whether or not ground, powdered or in the form of pellets. Includes lupuline, a yellow resinous powder that covers the hop cones. Mainly used in the brewing industry to give flavour to beer.
Crops and livestock products1097Horse meatFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products910Ice Cream and Edible IceA product with a milk or cream base to which sweeteners, eggs, etc. have been added.
Crops and livestock products109Infant FoodPreparations for infant consumption, usually containing some non-cereal ingredients.
Crops and livestock products175IsoglucoseAlso known as HFCS (high-fructose corn syrup), HFSS (high-fructose starch syrup), HFGS (high-fructose glucose syrup). Isoglucose is a new type of starch syrup where glucose has been isomerized to fructose by using one or more isomerizing enzymes. Most important of the sweeteners manufactured from maize starch. Widely used in the production of food and soft drinks.
Crops and livestock products509Juice of GrapefruitSee 491.
Crops and livestock products576Juice of PineapplesSee 491.
Crops and livestock products390Juice of TomatoesJuice is obtained by treating tomatoes with cold or hot water or with steam. The juice then undergoes various processes, such as clarification, homogenization, sterilization, etc.
Crops and livestock products466Juice of Vegetables NesJuice obtained by pressing, or by treatment with water or with steam, then submitted to various processes. Vegetable juice may contain added salt, spices or flavouring substances.
Crops and livestock products780JuteWhite jute (Corchorus capsularis); red jute, tossa (C. olitorius). Trade data cover raw or processed jute (but not spun), tow and waste, yarn waste and garnetted stock and may include jute-like fibres.
Crops and livestock products778Kapok FibreCeiba pentandra. This plant is cultivated for seed as well as for fibre. Trade data cover only fibres that have been crushed, carded or combed for spinning.
Crops and livestock products311Kapokseed in ShellThe soft shell is approximately 40-50% of the total weight of the nut.
Crops and livestock products312Kapokseed ShelledUsed for extracting oil.
Crops and livestock products1002Karakul SkinsRaw skins of Astrakhan, Caracul, Persian or similar lambs.
Crops and livestock products263Karite Nuts (Sheanuts)Butyrospermum parkii. Production data refer only to the nut contained in the fruit although the pulp around the nut is also edible.
Crops and livestock products592Kiwi fruitActinidia chinensis.
Crops and livestock products224KolanutsKola, cola, Sudan cola nut (Cola nitida; C. vera; C. acuminata). Produced mainly in Africa. Kola nuts, containing 2.4 to 2.6% caffeine, are commonly chewed by the local population. Much used in Europe and America in the production of beverages.
Crops and livestock products173LactoseAlso known as milk sugar. Produced commercially from whey.
Crops and livestock products1043LardRendered pig fat.
Crops and livestock products1221Lard Stearine OilObtained by pressing lard or tallow (oleo-oil, tallow oil, tallow stearine).
Crops and livestock products1217Leather Use&WasteParings and other waste of leather, leather dust, powder and flour.
Crops and livestock products407Leeks, other alliaceous vegLeeks (Allium porrum); chives (A. schoenoprasum); other alliac. (Allium varieties except those of 402, 403 and 406).
Crops and livestock products643Leguminous for SilageIncluding inter alia: birdsfoot, trefoil (Lotus corniculatus); lespedeza (Lespedeza spp.); kudzu (Pueraria lobata); sesbania (Sesbania spp.); sainfoin, esparcette (Onobrychis sativa); sulla (Hedysarum coronarium). Includes species of pulses, if harvested for fodder.
Crops and livestock products420Leguminous vegetables, nesVicia faba. For shelling.
Crops and livestock products499Lemon juice, concentratedSee 492.
Crops and livestock products498Lemon juice, single strengthSee 491.
Crops and livestock products497Lemons and limesLemon (Citrus limon); sour lime (C. aurantifolia); sweet lime (C. limetta).
Crops and livestock products201LentilsLens esculenta; Ervum lens.
Crops and livestock products372Lettuce and chicoryLactuca sativa; witloof chicory (Cichorium intybus var. foliosum); endive (C. endivia var. crispa); escarole chicory (C. endivia var. latifolia).
Crops and livestock products333LinseedLinum usitatissimum Flaxseed. An annual herbaceous that is cultivated for its fibre as well as its oil.
Crops and livestock products334Linseed oilObtained by pressure extraction. Used mainly in non-food items.
Crops and livestock products1241Liquid MargarineSee commodity code 1242. Fat content varies from 30 to 70%.
Crops and livestock products878Liver Prep.Liver of any animal, excluding fatty livers of code 1060.
Crops and livestock products210LupinsLupinus spp.. Used primarily for feed, though in some parts of Africa and in Latin America some varieties are cultivated for human food.
Crops and livestock products18MacaroniPasta made from semolina, or flour, that is mixed with water and kneaded into a dough. Other ingredients may be included as well. The dough is then shaped into various forms. This heading is limited to macaroni that is not cooked, stuffed or otherwise prepared.
Crops and livestock products56MaizeZea mays Corn, Indian corn, mealies. A grain with a high germ content. At the national level, hybrid and ordinary maize should be reported separately owing to widely different yields and uses. Used largely for animal feed and commercial starch production.
Crops and livestock products636Maize for forage and silageMaize cut green as grass.
Crops and livestock products60Maize oilExtracted from germ by pressure or by solvents.
Crops and livestock products446Maize, greenZea mays, particularly var. saccharata. Maize harvested green for food. Saccharata variety is commonly known as sweet corn.
Crops and livestock products49MaltA grain - usually barley - that has been germinated through a soaking process and then dried. Malt is used in brewing and distilling, and as a nutrient additive. Includes whole, ground, flour, and roasted malt, but excludes extracts and preparations.
Crops and livestock products50Malt ExtractA concentrated solution from water-macerated malt, which is used in infant and dietetic foods and in bread baking.
Crops and livestock products583Mango JuiceSee 491.
Crops and livestock products584Mango PulpFruit pulp prepared in water, syrup, etc.
Crops and livestock products571Mangoes, mangosteens, guavasMangifera indica. Trade figures may include dried mangoes, guavas and mangosteens, including both fresh and dried.
Crops and livestock products809Manila Fibre (Abaca)Musa textilis. The fibre is obtained from stalks of certain banana trees. For trade coverage see 789.
Crops and livestock products160Maple Sugar and SyrupsMaple syrup is produced by atmospheric boiling of maple sap in an open-pan evaporator. Continuing the evaporation process until the syrup crystalizes yields maple sugar.
Crops and livestock products566Marc of GrapesResidues from the pressing of grapes. Used also for distilling.
Crops and livestock products1242Margrine ShortMargarine is made principally from one or more hydrogenated vegetable or animal fats or oils in which is dispersed an aqueous potion containing milk products, salt, flavouring agents and other additives. Shortening is a product similar to margarine, but with a higher animal fat content. Shortening and compound fats are used primarily for baking and frying. The fat content of margarine and shortening varies from 70 to 90%.
Crops and livestock products671MatéIlex paraguayensis. The dried leaves of certain shrubs of the holly family which grow in South America. Prepared in a way similar to tea.
Crops and livestock products1173Meal MeatFlours, meals and pellets of meat and offal (including of marine mammals); greaves and tankage. Used for feed.
Crops and livestock products1164Meat Dried NesMeat, except of bovines and pigs, salted, in brine or smoked.
Crops and livestock products873Meat ExtractsExtracts obtained by boiling meat under pressure and concentrating theresulting liquid after the fat has been removed. Includes juicesobtained by pressing raw meat. Whenever possible trade data excludefish extracts.
Crops and livestock products1166Meat nesIncluding frog legs, marine mammals, etc. Some countries includeunder this heading meats that are listed above, but which are notreported separately. Fresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products1108Meat of AssesFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products872Meat of Beef,Drd, Sltd,SmkdMeat of bovine animals, whether salted, in brine, dried or smoked. Includes edible flours and meals.
Crops and livestock products1061Meat of Chicken CannedIncludes meat and offals of poultry.
Crops and livestock products870Meat-CattleBoneless(Beef&Veal)Boneless meat of bovine animals, whether fresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products299MelonseedCucumis melo. Includes seeds of other Cucurbitaceae.
Crops and livestock products896Milk Skimmed CondSame as 889, but applied to skim milk.
Crops and livestock products898Milk Skimmed DrySame as 897, but from skim milk. Normally does not exceed 1.5% fat content.
Crops and livestock products895Milk Skimmed EvpSame as 894, but applied to skim milk.
Crops and livestock products888Milk Skm of CowsMilk from which most of the fat has been removed.
Crops and livestock products889Milk Whole CondMilk and cream from which water has been partly removed after heat-treating and concentrating. Normally sucrose is added to give the product stability and bacteriological safety.
Crops and livestock products897Milk Whole DriedMilk and cream from which water has been completely removed by various methods. In form of powder, granules or other solid forms. May contain added sugar or other sweeteners.
Crops and livestock products894Milk Whole EvpMilk and cream from which the water has been partly removed and which has been heat- treated to render it bacteriologically safe and stable.
Crops and livestock products899Milkdry Buttrmilk 
Crops and livestock products29Milled/Husked RiceWhite rice milled from imported husked rice. Includes semi-milled, whole-milled and parboiled rice.
Crops and livestock products79MilletIncluding inter alia: barnyard or Japanese millet (Echinocloa frumentacea); ragi, finger or African millet (Eleusine coracana); teff (Eragrostis abyssinica); common, golden or proso millet (Panicum miliaceum); koda or ditch millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum); pearl or cattail millet (Pennisetum glaucum); foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Small-grained cereals that include a large number of different botanical species. Originated by the domestication of wild African grasses in the Nile valley and the Sahel zone, millets were subsequently taken to China and India. These cereals tolerate arid conditions and possess a small, highly nutritious grain that stores well. Used locally, both as a food and as a livestock feed. In all areas where they are cultivated, millets are used in traditional beer brewing. Also used as a feed for birds.
Crops and livestock products103Mixed grainA mixture of cereal species that are sown and harvested together. The mixture wheat/rye is known as meslin, but in trade is usually classified with wheat.
Crops and livestock products114Mixes and DoughsUsed in the preparation of bakers' wares.
Crops and livestock products165MolassesA by-product of the extraction or refining of beet or cane sugar or of the production of fructose from maize. Used for feed, food, industrial alcohol, alcoholic beverages and ethanol.
Crops and livestock products449Mushrooms and trufflesIncluding inter alia: Boletus edulis; Agaricus campestris; Morchella spp. and Tuber magnatum. Cultivated or spontaneous. Includes truffles.
Crops and livestock products563Must of GrapesGrape must that has partially fermented, whether or not fermentation has been arrested, as well as unfermented grape must to which alcohol has been added.
Crops and livestock products293Mustard oilObtained by dry pressure extraction. Has both food and industrial uses.
Crops and livestock products292Mustard seedWhite mustard (Brassica alba; B. hirta; Sinapis alba); black mustard (Brassica nigra; Sinapis nigra). In addition to the oil extracted from them, white mustard seeds, may be processed into flour for food use. Black mustard seeds also yield oil and are processed into flour that is used mainly in pharmaceutical products.
Crops and livestock products1182Natural honeyHoney produced by bees (Apis mellifera) or by other insects.
Crops and livestock products836Natural rubberHevea brasiliensis Latex. The liquid secreted by the rubber tree. Includes stabilized or concentrated latex and prevulcanized rubber latex. In trade figures, liquid weight is converted to dry weight at 60%.
Crops and livestock products702Nutmeg, mace and cardamomsNutmeg, mace (Myristica fragrans); cluster cardamon (Elettaria cardamomum); other cardamons (Aframomum angustifolium; A. hambury; Amomun aromaticum; A. cardamomum); Malaguetta pepper, grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta). Nutmeg is the inner brown kernel of the fruit of the nutmeg tree. Mace is the net-like membrane between the outer shell and the kernel. Cardamon seeds are enclosed in the capsule produced by perennial herbs of the Zingiberaceae family.
Crops and livestock products234Nuts, nesIncluding inter alia: pecan nut (Carya illinoensis); butter or swarri nut (Caryocar nuciferum); pili nut, Java almond, Chinese olives (Canarium spp.); paradise or sapucaia nut (Lecythis zabucajo); Queensland, macadamia nut (Macadamia ternifolia); pignolia nut (Pinus pinea). Other nuts that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report nuts under this heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops and livestock products75OatsAvena spp., mainly Avena sativa. A plant with open, spreading panicle-bearing large spikelets. Used primarily in breakfast foods. Makes excellent fodder for horses.
Crops and livestock products76Oats RolledObtained by crushing or rolling the whole or broken grain; includes grains flaked, hulled or otherwise worked for human consumption.
Crops and livestock products1059Offals Liver ChickenFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products1075Offals Liver DuckFresh, chilled or frozen, salted or in brine.
Crops and livestock products1074Offals Liver GeeseFresh, chilled or frozen, salted or in brine.
Crops and livestock products1167Offals NesFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products868Offals of Cattle, EdibleFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products1018Offals of Goats, EdibleFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products1098Offals of HorsesFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products1036Offals of Pigs, EdibleFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products978Offals of Sheep,EdibleFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products1159Offals Other Camelids 
Crops and livestock products1274Oil Boiled EtcAlso includes oxidized and sulphurized oils. Animal and vegetable fats and oils whose chemical structure has been modified to improve viscosity, drying ability or other properties.
Crops and livestock products737Oil CitronellaEssential oil extracted from Cymbopogon nardus.
Crops and livestock products753Oil Essential NesExtracted from many plants and used mainly in the perfumery, food and other industries.
Crops and livestock products1275Oil HydrogenatedAnimal and vegetable fats and oils that have been hydrogenated to raise their melting point and increase their consistency by transforming unsaturated glycerides into saturated glycerides.
Crops and livestock products266Oil of Castor BeansObtained by pressure or by solvent. Uses include mainly industrial ones, in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Crops and livestock products278Oil of JojobaObtained by cold pressure. Its peculiar chemical properties make it the only vegetable oil in nature having the same characteristics as spermaceti. Below 15øC it solidifies and assumes the characteristics of wax. It is used as a lubricant, in cosmetics and in pharmaceuticals, and is considered a product with good growth prospects.
Crops and livestock products313Oil of KapokObtained from shelled seeds by pressure. Used for food and soap.
Crops and livestock products274Oil of Olive ResiduesOil extracted from olive residues with solvents.
Crops and livestock products276Oil of Tung NutsObtained by pressure and used exclusively for industrial purposes. The resulting cake contains a toxic protein and thus cannot be used for feed.
Crops and livestock products340Oil of vegetable origin, nesIncludes, inter alia, myrtle wax and Japan wax.
Crops and livestock products1168Oils,Fats of Animal NesAnimal oils and fats obtained from other animal species and oils and fats recovered from guts, feet, sweepings, hide trimmings, etc.
Crops and livestock products339Oilseeds, NesIncludes inter alia: beech nut (Fagus sylvatica);(Aleurites moluccana);(Carapa guineensis);(Croton tiglium);(Bassia latifolia);(Guizotia abyssinica);(Licania rigida);(Perilla frutescens);(Jatropha curcas);(Shorea robusta);(Pongamia glabra);(Astrocaryum spp.). Other oilseeds, oleaginous fruits and nuts that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report commodities under this heading that are classified individually by FAO. Also included under this code are tea seeds, grape pips and tomato seeds from which oil is extracted.
Crops and livestock products430OkraAbelmoschus esculentus; Hibiscus esculentus. Also called gombo.
Crops and livestock products261Olive oil, virginObtained from olives by mechanical or other physical means. Olive oil is the only vegetable oil that can be consumed without refining.
Crops and livestock products273Olive ResiduesResidues make up about 40% of the olives crushed for oil, but account for about 5% of the oil.
Crops and livestock products260OlivesOlea europaea. Includes table olives and olives for oil.
Crops and livestock products262Olives PreservedTreated with SO2, brine, water, or otherwise prepared or preserved.
Crops and livestock products402Onions (inc. shallots), greenShallots (Allium ascalonicum); onions (A. cepa); welsh onions (A. fistulosum). Young onions pulled before the bulb has enlarged; used especially in salads. Includes onion sets.
Crops and livestock products403Onions, dryAllium cepa. Includes onions at a mature stage, but not dehydrated onions.
Crops and livestock products492Orange juice, concentratedJuice that is obtained by a concentration process in which the water is physically removed from the juice until it has not less than 20% of solids by weight. It is then reconstituted with water before consumption. Unfermented, it may or may not be frozen.
Crops and livestock products491Orange juice, single strengthJuice is obtained by mechanical extractors, or by pressing, and is then submitted to various processes. Unfermented, it may or may not be frozen. For direct consumption.
Crops and livestock products490OrangesCommon, sweet orange (Citrus sinensis); bitter orange (C. aurantium). Bitter oranges are used primarily in the preparation of marmalade.
Crops and livestock products782Other BastfibresIncluding inter alia: China jute (Abutilon avicennae); Congo jute, malva, paka (Urena lobata; U. sinuata); Indian flax (Abroma augusta); kenaf, meshta (Hibiscus cannabinus); rosella hemp (H. sabdariffa); sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea). This definition covers all textile fibres extracted from the stems of dicotyledonous plants, o/t flax, ramie, true hemp and true jute. For trade coverage see 780.
Crops and livestock products1091Other bird eggs,in shellWeight in shell.
Crops and livestock products852Other Conc, NesSee 851.
Crops and livestock products166Other Fructose and SyrupMonosaccharide found in fruits and honey, commercially produced from glucose, sucrose or by hydrolysis of inulin (polysaccharide found mainly in the tubers of the dahlia and the Jerusalem artichoke). Especially suitable for use by diabetics.
Crops and livestock products568Other melons (inc.cantaloupes)Cucumis melo;.
Crops and livestock products258Palm kernel oilObtained from the kernel of the nut of the fruits of the oil palm by pressure in two or three stages at different temperatures. Including oil of babassu kernels.
Crops and livestock products256Palm kernelsSeeds of the oil palm. Babassu kernels (Orbignya speciosa) are often reported as palm kernels.
Crops and livestock products257Palm oilObtained from the mesocarp of the fruit of the oil palm by pressure, and also by solvent from the residues of the pressure extraction.
Crops and livestock products600PapayasCarica papaya.
Crops and livestock products391Paste of TomatoesTomatoes prepared or preserved o/t by vinegar, in the form of paste, pur‚e or concentrate. Includes juice of dry weight content of 7% or more.
Crops and livestock products22PastryAll baked products excluding those listed under bread. Pastry products may contain ingredients other than wheat flour, such as milk, eggs, sugar, honey, starch, fats, fruit, seeds, etc.
Crops and livestock products534Peaches and nectarinesPrunus persica; Amygdalus persica; Persica laevis.
Crops and livestock products247Peanut ButterObtained by grinding roasted peanuts. In addition to fat, at 40-46%, peanut butter contains all other components of the nuts.
Crops and livestock products521PearsPyrus communis.
Crops and livestock products187Peas, dryGarden pea (Pisum sativum); field pea (P. arvense).
Crops and livestock products417Peas, greenPisum sativum. Mostly for shelling, but including edible- podded peas or sugar peas.
Crops and livestock products687Pepper (Piper spp.)Black, white pepper (Piper nigrum); long pepper (P. longum). Perennial climbing vines. Includes whole, crushed or ground berries. Black pepper is produced from partially ripe berries, while white pepper is from fully ripe berries which have had the outer hull removed.
Crops and livestock products748PeppermintMentha spp.: M. piperita. Leaves and flowers are used in the perfumery, food and other industries.
Crops and livestock products587PersimmonsDiospyros kaki: D. virginiana.
Crops and livestock products843Pet FoodInternational trade classifications cover only dog and cat food. FAO trade data also cover food for other pets (i.e. fish, birds, etc.), whenever possible.
Crops and livestock products1040Pig Butcher FatSee 871.
Crops and livestock products1035Pig meatMeat, with the bone in, of domestic or wild pigs (e.g. wild boars),whether fresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products197Pigeon peasPigeon pea, cajan pea, Congo bean (Cajanus cajan).
Crops and livestock products580Pineapple Juice ConcSee 492. Soluble fruit solids of not less than 27% by weight.
Crops and livestock products574PineapplesAnanas comosus; A. sativ. Trade figures may include dried pineapples.
Crops and livestock products575Pineapples CandFruit pulp prepared in water, syrup, etc.
Crops and livestock products223PistachiosPistacia vera. Produced mainly in the Near East and the United States.
Crops and livestock products489PlantainsMusa paradisiaca. Generally known as a cooking banana. Data should be reported excluding the weight of the central stalk
Crops and livestock products539Plum juice, concentratedSee 492.
Crops and livestock products538Plum juice, single strengthSee 491.
Crops and livestock products536Plums and sloesGreengage, mirabelle, damson (Prunus domestica); sloe (P. spinosa).
Crops and livestock products537Plums Dried (Prunes)See 527. Known as prunes.
Crops and livestock products68PopcornZea mays var. everta. A variety of maize that is eaten after the kernels have been heated and have "popped".
Crops and livestock products297Poppy OilObtained by pressure extraction. Has both food and industrial uses.
Crops and livestock products296Poppy seedPapaver somniferum. The source of opium, poppy seeds are also used in baking and confectionery.
Crops and livestock products1038PorkPig meat, excluding butcher fat and bones.
Crops and livestock products45Pot BarleyWhole-seed barley with the husks, hulls and bran removed.
Crops and livestock products120Potato OffalsThe residue and waste from the preparation of potatoes.
Crops and livestock products116PotatoesSolanum tuberosum Irish potato. A seasonal crop grown in temperate zones all over the world, but primarily in the northern hemisphere.
Crops and livestock products117Potatoes FlourProduced from tubers that have been peeled, dried and milled. Includes flour, meal, flakes, granules and pellets.
Crops and livestock products1042Prep of Pig MeatSee 875.
Crops and livestock products875Preparations of Beef MeatMeat and offal (o/t liver) that are boiled, steamed, grilled, fried,roasted or otherwise cooked. Includes prepared meals that contain morethan 20% of meat and offal by weight.
Crops and livestock products246Prepared GroundnutsRoasted, salted, flavoured, etc.
Crops and livestock products1172Prepared Meat NesExcludes poultry, swine or bovine meat preparations.
Crops and livestock products235Prepared Nuts (Exc.Groundnuts)Mainly roasted, whether or not containing vegetable oils, salt, flavours, spices or other additives. Excludes prepared groundnuts, except when mixed with other nuts.
Crops and livestock products907Processed Cheese 
Crops and livestock products909Prod.of Nat.Milk Constit 
Crops and livestock products628Pulp of Fruit for FeedWaste of fruit, fruit pomace and marc, excluding marc of grapes.
Crops and livestock products211Pulses, nesIncluding inter alia: lablab or hyacinth bean (Dolichos spp.); jack or sword bean (Canavalia spp.); winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus); guar bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba); velvet bean (Stizolobium spp.); yam bean (Pachyrrhizus erosus);. Vigna spp. other than those included in 176 and 195 Other pulses that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report pulses under this heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops and livestock products394Pumpkins, squash and gourdsCucurbita spp. Includes marrows.
Crops and livestock products755Pyrethrum ExtrObtained from the flowers by extraction using an organic solvent.
Crops and livestock products754Pyrethrum,DriedChrysanthemum cinerariifolium. Includes leaves, stems and flowers. For insecticides, fungicides and similar products.
Crops and livestock products523QuincesCydonia oblonga; C. vulgaris; C. japonica.
Crops and livestock products92QuinoaChenopodium quinoa (Chenopodiaceae). A minor cereal, which tolerates high altitudes, quinoa is cultivated primarily in andean countries. Used for food and to make chicha, a fermented beverage.
Crops and livestock products1141Rabbit meatFresh, chilled or frozen. May include hare meat.
Crops and livestock products561RaisinsDried grapes. Includes sultanas and currants.
Crops and livestock products788RamieChina grass, white ramie (Boehmeria nivea); rhea, green ramie (B. tenacissima). Ramie fibre is obtained from the bast of the plant. For trade coverage see 780
Crops and livestock products270RapeseedBrassica napus var. oleifera. Valued mainly for its oil. Older varieties are rich in Erucic acid, which is considered unhealthy.
Crops and livestock products271Rapeseed oilObtained by pressure extraction for food use. Oil recovered with solvent from the residues of the pressure extraction is used for industrial purposes. Canola oil is produced from new varieties of rapeseed.
Crops and livestock products547RaspberriesUbus idaeus. Trade data may include blackberries, mulberries and loganberries (a cross between the raspberry and blackberry).
Crops and livestock products908Reconsti.Ted MilkObtained by adding water, fat, etc. to milk powder.
Crops and livestock products1277Res.Fatty SubsResidues resulting from the treatment of fatty substances or animal or vegetable waxes.
Crops and livestock products36Rice bran oilExtracted from bran by pressure or, more frequently, by solvents.
Crops and livestock products32Rice BrokenResidues from the selection of whole-grain, milled rice.
Crops and livestock products39Rice Fermented BeveragesLow-alcohol beverages, such as rice wine and sake.
Crops and livestock products38Rice FlourProduced by milling broken or milled rice. Finely ground rice flour is widely used in infant foods and in noodles. It is not used in bread because it lacks the necessary gluten-forming protein.
Crops and livestock products28Rice HuskedRice grain without hulls or husks. Also known as brown or cargo rice.
Crops and livestock products31Rice MilledWhite rice milled from locally grown paddy. Includes semi-milled, whole-milled and parboiled rice.
Crops and livestock products27Rice, paddyOryza spp., mainly oryza sativa. Rice grain after threshing and winnowing. Also known as rice in the husk and rough rice. Used mainly for human food.
Crops and livestock products151Roots and Tubers DriedOther tubers, roots or rizhomes, dried, o/t potatoes and cassava.
Crops and livestock products149Roots and Tubers, nesIncluding inter alia: arracacha (Arracacoa xanthorrhiza); arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea); chufa (Cyperus esculentus); sago palm (Metroxylon spp.); oca and ullucu (Oxalis tuberosa and Ullucus tuberosus); yam bean, jicama (Pachyrxhizus erosus, P. angulatus); mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum); Jerusalem artichoke, topinambur (Helianthus tuberosus). Other tubers, roots or rhizomes, fresh, that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report roots and tubers under this commodity heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops and livestock products837Rubber Nat DryIn the form of sheets, crˆpes, re-agglomerated granules, free-flowing powders, etc.; includes technically specified natural rubber (TSNR).
Crops and livestock products71RyeSecale cereale. A grain that is tolerant of poor soils, high latitudes and altitudes. Mainly used in making bread, whisky and beer. When fed to livestock, it is generally mixed with other grains.
Crops and livestock products281Safflower oilObtained either by pressure or by solvent. Has both food and industrial uses.
Crops and livestock products280Safflower seedCarthamus tinctorius. Valued mainly for its oil. Minor uses include as a human food and as poultry feed.
Crops and livestock products874Sausage Beef&VealPreparations of meat or offal, whether chopped, minced or of blood. They may be raw, cooked or smoked and contain other ingredients, andare then enclosed in natural or artificial casings.
Crops and livestock products1041Sausages of Pig MeatSee 874.
Crops and livestock products290Sesame oilObtained by pressure extraction in two or three stages at different temperatures. Sometimes the oil is also extracted by solvent from the residue of the pressure extraction. Used mainly for food.
Crops and livestock products289Sesame seedSesamum indicum. Valued for its oil, but also as a food, either raw or roasted, as well as in bakery products and other food preparations.
Crops and livestock products977Sheep meatMeat of sheep and lamb, whether fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone inor boneless.
Crops and livestock products982Sheep milk, whole, freshSee 882 and derived products.
Crops and livestock products995SheepskinsSee 919. Both adult and young animals.
Crops and livestock products1186Silk RawObtained by reeling the filaments from cocoons. Not thrown.
Crops and livestock products1185Silk-worm cocoons, reelableSilkworm cocoons suitable for reeling. Foreign trade data are expressed in silk equivalent, which is 25% of their weight.
Crops and livestock products789SisalAgave sisalana. Sisal fibre is obtained from the leaves of the plant. It also is used as an ornamental plant. Trade data cover fibres that are raw, prepared for spinning, and tow and waste, including yarn waste and garnetted stock.
Crops and livestock products1195Skin FursHigh-value raw skins, e.g. mink, fox, beaver.
Crops and livestock products930Skins Nes CalvesSee 922.
Crops and livestock products1028Skins Nes GoatsIncludes kids. See 922.
Crops and livestock products1047Skins Nes PigsSee 922.
Crops and livestock products998Skins Nes SheepSheep and lamb skins without wool. See 922.
Crops and livestock products1146Skins of RabbitsSee 919. Both adult and young animals. Trade data include processed skins, including angora.
Crops and livestock products928Skins Wet Salted CalvesSee 920.
Crops and livestock products1026Skins Wet Salted GoatsIncludes kids. See 920.
Crops and livestock products999Skins With Wool SheepSheep and lamb skins (excluding 1002), with wool on, salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved.
Crops and livestock products929Skinsdry S.CalvesSee 921.
Crops and livestock products1027Skinsdry Slt GoatIncludes kids. See 921.
Crops and livestock products1046Skinsdry SltdpigsSee 921.
Crops and livestock products997Skinsdry SltsheepSheep and lamb skins without wool. See 921.
Crops and livestock products996Skinswet SaltedSheep and lamb skins without wool. See 920.
Crops and livestock products1045Skinswet SltdpigsSee 920.
Crops and livestock products83SorghumSorghum spp.: guinea corn (S. guineense); common, milo, feterita, kaffir corn (S. vulgare); durra, jowar, kaoliang (S. dura). A cereal that has both food and feed uses. Sorghum is a major food grain in most of Africa, where it is also used in traditional beer brewing. It is desirable to report hybrid and other varieties separately.
Crops and livestock products530Sour cherriesPrunus cerasus; Cerasus acida.
Crops and livestock products241Soya CurdObtained by precipitating proteins from soya milk and removing the fluid. Can be fermented or non-fermented.
Crops and livestock products240Soya PasteA fermented, salty condiment. Soya paste can be produced through brine fermentation of low- moisture soya curd.
Crops and livestock products239Soya SauceA fermented soya product from defatted soybeand and wheat or other cereals that is filtered and pasteurized.
Crops and livestock products237Soybean oilObtained by solvent extraction from the beans. Used mainly for food.
Crops and livestock products236SoybeansGlycine soja. The most important oil crop. Also widely consumed as a bean and in the form of various derived products because of its high protein content, e.g. soya milk, meat, etc.
Crops and livestock products1295SpermacetiWaxy substance extracted from the fat of sperm whales and similar cetaceans.
Crops and livestock products723Spices, nesIncluding inter alia: bay leaves (Laurus nobilis); dill seed (Anethum graveolens); fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum-graecum); saffron (Crocus sativus); thyme (Thymus vulgaris); turmeric (Curcuma longa). Other spices that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report spices under this heading that are classified individually by FAO. This heading also includes curry powder and other mixtures of different spices.
Crops and livestock products373SpinachSpinacia oleracea. Trade figures may include New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia espansa) and orache (garden) spinach (Atriplex hortensis).
Crops and livestock products541Stone fruit, nesOther stone fruit not separately identified. In some countries, apricots, cherries, peaches, nectarines and plums are reported under this general category.
Crops and livestock products635Straw HusksCereal straw and husks, unprepared, whether or not chopped, ground, pressed, or in the form of pellets.
Crops and livestock products544StrawberriesFragaria spp..
Crops and livestock products423String beansPhaseolus vulgaris; Vigna spp. Not for shelling
Crops and livestock products157Sugar beetBeta vulgaris var. altissima. In some producing countries, marginal quantities are consumed, either directly as food or in the preparation of jams.
Crops and livestock products156Sugar caneSaccharum officinarum. In some producing countries, marginal quantities of sugar cane are consumed, either directly as food or in the form of juice.
Crops and livestock products168Sugar ConfectionerySugar confectionery, including chewing gum, that does not contain cocoa. Includes white chocolate.
Crops and livestock products161Sugar crops, nesIncluding inter alia: sugar maple (Acer saccharum); sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum); sugar palm (Arenga saccharifera). Includes minor sugar crops of local importance. In the case of saps, production is to be expressed in liquid equivalent.
Crops and livestock products171Sugar flavoured 
Crops and livestock products163Sugar Non- CentrifugalGenerally derived from sugar cane through traditional methods without centrifugation.
Crops and livestock products162Sugar Raw CentrifugalThe sum of codes 158 and 159. Processed further to obtain refined sugar.
Crops and livestock products164Sugar RefinedProduction covers domestic production, plus or minus imports and/or exports of raw centrifugal sugar in terms of refined sugar.
Crops and livestock products167Sugar, nesIncludes invert sugar, caramel, golden syrup, artificial honey, maltose other than chemically pure, sorghum and palm sugars. See also the general note in the introduction.
Crops and livestock products269Sunflower CakeResidue from oil extraction. The cake is used for feed if it is from decorticated seeds, or for fertilizer if it comes from undecorticated seeds.
Crops and livestock products268Sunflower oilObtained by pressure extraction. Mainly for food use.
Crops and livestock products267Sunflower seedHelianthus annuus. Valued mainly for its oil. Minor uses include as a human food and as feed for birds.
Crops and livestock products649Swedes for FodderRutabaga, swede, swede turnip (Brassica napus var napobrassica). Especially cultivated for fodder.
Crops and livestock products447Sweet Corn FrozenEither uncooked, or cooked by steaming or boiling in water, and then frozen.
Crops and livestock products448Sweet Corn Prep or PreservedPrepared or preserved other than by vinegar or acetic acid; not frozen.
Crops and livestock products122Sweet potatoesIpomoea batatas. A seasonal crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Used mainly for human food. Trade data cover fresh and dried tubers, whether or not sliced or in the form or pellets.
Crops and livestock products1225TallowRendered fats of animals other than pigs, excluding tallow oil or stearine.
Crops and livestock products496Tangerine JuiceSee 491.
Crops and livestock products495Tangerines, mandarins, clem.Mandarin, tangerine (Citrus reticulata); clementine, satsuma (C. unshiu).
Crops and livestock products127Tapioca of CassavaSee 121. Obtained from cassava starch and used in the preparation of puddings and in infant foods.
Crops and livestock products121Tapioca of PotatoesA product obtained by heating potato starch mixed with water. Tapioca may be in the form of flakes, grains, pearls, siftings, seeds or other similar forms. Used in the preparation of soups and puddings or in foods for invalids.
Crops and livestock products136Taro (cocoyam)Dasheen, eddoe, taro, old cocoyam(Colocasia esculenta). Aroids cultivated for their edible starchy corms or underground stems. Taro is grown throughout the tropics for food. Trade data cover both fresh and dried taro.
Crops and livestock products667TeaCamellia sinensis; Thea sinensis; Thea assaamica. Includes green tea (unfermented), black tea (fermented), and partially fermented tea. Excludes green tea eaten as a vegetable.
Crops and livestock products831Tobacco Products NesIncludes smoking, chewing, snuff tobacco, homogenized or compressed tobacco, manufactured tobacco substitutes, tobacco extracts and essences.
Crops and livestock products826Tobacco, unmanufacturedNicotiana tabacum. Unmanufactured dry tobacco, including refuse that is not stemmed or stripped, or is partly or wholly stemmed or stripped.
Crops and livestock products392Tomato PeeledPrepared or preserved o/t by vinegar; either whole or in pieces.
Crops and livestock products388TomatoesLycopersicon esculentum.
Crops and livestock products389Tomatojuice Concentrated 
Crops and livestock products97TriticaleA minor cereal that is a cross between wheat and rye, combining the quality and yield of wheat with the hardiness of rye.
Crops and livestock products275Tung NutsAleurites cordata; A. fordii. Valued mainly for their oil.
Crops and livestock products1080Turkey meatFresh, chilled or frozen.
Crops and livestock products646Turnips for FodderBrassica rapa var. rapifera. Especially cultivated for fodder.
Crops and livestock products692VanillaVanilla planifolia; V. pompona. The fruit (or bean) of a climbing plant of the orchid family. Includes whole, crushed or ground.
Crops and livestock products652Veg Prod for FeedVegetable products, vegetable waste, residues and by-products from the industrial processing of vegetable materials.
Crops and livestock products474Veg.in Tem. PreservativesVegetables preserved with SO2, brine, etc., but which are unsuitable for consumption in that state.
Crops and livestock products475Veg.Prep. Or Pres.FrozenVegetables that are prepared or preserved o/t by vinegar, and then frozen.
Crops and livestock products460Veg.Prod.Fresh Or DriedFruit stones, kernels and other vegetable products used primarily for human food that are not specified or included elsewhere.
Crops and livestock products473Vegetable FrozenVegetables, either uncooked, or cooked by steaming or boiling in water, and then frozen.
Crops and livestock products306Vegetable TallowObtained by pressure extraction or by solvent from the kernels of the fruit of the Borneo tallow tree and from the outer coating that surrounds the seeds of the fruit of the Chinese tallow tree. Used as a substitute for cocoa butter. Also used in soap, candles, medicines and cosmetics.
Crops and livestock products469Vegetables DehydratedVegetables that are dried, dehydrated, evaporated or freeze-dried. Includes dried vegetables that are broken or powdered.
Crops and livestock products463Vegetables fresh nesIncluding inter alia: bamboo shoots (Bambusa spp.); beets, chards (Beta vulgaris); capers (Capparis spinosa); cardoons (Cynara cardunculus); celery (Apium graveolens); chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium); cress (Lepidium sativum); fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); horseradish (Cochlearia armoracia); marjoram, sweet (Majorana hortensis); oyster plant (Tragopogon porrifolius); parsley (Petroselinum crispum); parsnips (Pastinaca sativa); radish (Raphanus sativus); rhubarb (Rheum spp.); rutabagas, swedes (Brassica napus); savory (Satureja hortensis); scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica); sorrel (Rumex acetosa); soybean sprouts tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus); watercress (Nasturtium officinale). Other vegetables that are not identified separately because of their minor relevance at the international level. Because of their limited local importance, some countries report vegetables under this heading that are classified individually by FAO.
Crops and livestock products471Vegetables in VinegarVegetables, fruit, nuts and other edible parts of plants, prepared or preserved with vinegar or acetic acid, with or without added sugar, salt, spices, etc. Includes pickles.
Crops and livestock products472Vegetables Preserved NesVegetables prepared or preserved o/t by vinegar and which have not been frozen.
Crops and livestock products655Vegetables Roots FodderAny other crop of the vegetable group that is cultivated for fodder.
Crops and livestock products465Vegetables, canned nes 
Crops and livestock products464Vegetables, dried nes 
Crops and livestock products565Vermouths&SimilarBeverages made with wine of fresh grapes and flavoured with aromatic substances.
Crops and livestock products205VetchesSpring/common vetch (Vicia sativa). Used mainly for animal feed.
Crops and livestock products853VitaminsSee 851
Crops and livestock products110WafersCommunion wafers, empty cachets for pharmaceutical use and sealing wafers.
Crops and livestock products232Walnuts ShelledAround 53% of the weight in shell.
Crops and livestock products222Walnuts, with shellJugland spp.: J. regia. Produced in temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in the United States.
Crops and livestock products567WatermelonsCitrullus vulgaris.
Crops and livestock products631Waters,Ice EtcIncludes natural or artificial mineral waters without added sugar, sweeteners or flavourings.
Crops and livestock products1296Waxes VegetableIncluding inter alia: candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica; Pedilanthus pavonis); carnauba (Copernicia cerifera); urucury (Attalea excelsa); palm wax (Ceroxylon andicolum). Vegetable waxes, whether crude or refined, bleached or coloured. Excludes mixtures and chemically modified waxes.
Crops and livestock products15WheatTriticum spp.: common (T. aestivum) durum (T. durum) spelt (T. spelta). Common and durum wheat are the main types. Among common wheat, the main varieties are spring and winter, hard and soft, and red and white. At the national level, different varieties should be reported separately, reflecting their different uses. Used mainly for human food.
Crops and livestock products905Whey Cheese 
Crops and livestock products890Whey CondensedWhey paste.
Crops and livestock products900Whey DryUsed in both food and animal feed.
Crops and livestock products903Whey FreshThe liquid part of the milk that remains after the separation of curd in cheese making. Its main food use is in the preparation of whey cheese, whey drinks and fermented whey drinks. The main industrial uses are in the manufacture of lactose, whey paste and dried whey.
Crops and livestock products564WineWines of fresh grapes of all qualities, including sparkling, fortified and dessert wines.
Crops and livestock products988Wool DegreasedIncludes scoured and carbonized, but does not include carded or combed wool.
Crops and livestock products1007Wool ShoddyGarnetted stock of wool or of fine or coarse animal hair obtained by garnetting rags or waste of spinning, weaving, knitting etc.
Crops and livestock products987Wool, greasyA natural fibre taken from sheep or lambs. Includes fleece-washed, shorn and pulled wool (from slaughtered animals), but does not include carded or combed wool.
Crops and livestock products1009Wool;Hair WasteNoils of wool or animal hair not garnetted; other waste of wool and animal hair (excluding horsehair) not covered in 1007.
Crops and livestock products137YamsDioscorea spp.. The principal edible yams are widely grown throughout the tropics. A starchy staple foodstuff, normally eaten as a vegetable, boiled, baked or fried. In West Africa they are consumed mainly as "fufu", a stiff glutinous dough. Trade data cover both fresh and dried yams.
Crops and livestock products135Yautia (cocoyam)Xanthosoma spp.; malanga, new cocoyam, ocumo, tannia (X. sagittifolium). Several plants are included in this group, some with edible tubers and others with edible stems (also called aroids). Yautia is grown mainly in the Caribbean and is used for food. Trade data cover both fresh and dried yautia.
Crops and livestock products892Yogh Conc.Or NotIncludes additives such as sugar, flavouring materials, fruit or cocoa.
Crops and livestock products891YoghurtA fermented milk food.
Live animals1171Animals Live NesAny other animal grown for meat, eggs, feathers and skins, e.g. ostrich, antelope, deer, reindeer, chamois.
Live animals1107AssesEquus asinus. See 866.
Live animals1181BeehivesApis mellifica; A. dorsata; A. florea; A. indica. A beehive is an artificial habitation for bees.
Live animals946BuffaloesIndian, Asiatic, pigmy, water buffalo (Bubalus bubalus; B. arnee; B. depressicornis); African buffalo (genus Syncerus); American bison (Bison bison); European bison (Bison bonasus); beeffalo (cross between a bison and a domesticated beef animal). See 866. Excludes wild bisons and buffaloes.
Live animals1126CamelsBactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus); Arabian camel (C. dromedarius). See 866.
Live animals866CattleCommon ox (Bos taurus); zebu, humped ox (Bos indicus); Asiatic ox (subgenus Bibos); Tibetan yak (Poephagus grunniens). Animals of the genus listed, regardless of age, sex, or purpose raised. Data are expressed in number of heads.
Live animals1057ChickensFowl (Gallus domesticus); Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris. Domesticated birds only. Data are expressed in thousands.
Live animals1068DucksAnas spp.. See 1057.
Live animals1072Geese and guinea fowlsAnser spp.. See 1057.
Live animals1016GoatsCapra spp.. See 866. Includes Hircus, Ibex, Nubiana, Pyrenaica, Tibetana, Kashmir and Angora.
Live animals1096HorsesEquus caballus. See 866.
Live animals1169Live Animals Non FoodAny animal not raised for food. External trade data also include wild animals.
Live animals1110MulesIncludes hinnies. Mules are offspring of a male ass and a female horse (mare); a hinny is the offspring of a female ass and a male horse (stallion). Both are sterile. See 866.
Live animals1157Other CamelidsVarious species of Lama: e.g. glama pacos (alpaca); peruana (llama); huanacos (guanaco>); vicugna (vicu¤a). See 866.
Live animals1150Other RodentsSee 866. Includes only those used mainly for meat, e.g. Guinea pig. Rodents used mainly for fur skins are included in Code 1169. Data are expressed in thousands.
Live animals1083Pigeons, Other BirdsIncluding inter alia: partridge (Alectoris rufa); pigeon (Columba livia); quail (Coturnis spp.); turtle dove, pheasant, etc.. See 1057.
Live animals1034PigsDomestic pig (Sus domestica); wild boar (Sus scrofa). See 866. Excludes non-domesticated wild boars.
Live animals1140Rabbits and haresOryctolagus cuniculus. See 866. May include domesticated hares (Lepus spp.). Data are expressed in thousands.
Live animals976SheepOvis spp.. See 866. Includes Uriel, Argali, Bighorn, Karakul and Astrakhan.
Live animals1079TurkeysMeleagris gallopavo. See 1057.